Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. Volatiles

Abstract

Two different volatile isolates from the aerial parts of Cardaria draba (L.) Desv., obtained either by hydrodistillation (Extract I) or by CH(2) Cl(2) extraction subsequent to hydrolysis by exogenous myrosinase (Extract II), were characterized by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. The main volatiles obtained by hydrodistillation, i.e., 4-(methylsulfanyl)butyl isothiocyanate (1; 28.0%) and 5-(methylsulfanyl)pentanenitrile (2; 13.8%), originated from the degradation of glucoerucin. In Extract I, also volatiles without sulfur and/or nitrogen were identified. These were mostly hexadecanoic acid (10.8%), phytol (10.2%), dibutyl phthalate (4.5%), and some other compounds in smaller percentages. Extract II contained mostly glucosinolate degradation products. They originated from glucoraphanin, viz., 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl isothiocyanate (3; 69.2%) and 5-(methylsulfinyl)pentanenitrile (4; 4.5%), glucosinalbin, viz., 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetonitrile (5; 7.2%), and glucoerysolin, viz., 4-(methylsulfonyl)butyl isothiocyanate (6; 5.0%). Moreover, the volatile samples were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity using the disc-diffusion method and determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). All volatile isolates expressed a wide range of growth inhibition activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The MIC values varied between 4 and 128 μg/ml.

Glucosinolate Profiling and Antimicrobial Screening of Aurinia leucadea (Brassicaceae)

“…1 ml. The concentrated extract was stored in a tightly closed vial at À 188 until analysis [4] [27].…”

Green synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles from root extract of Lepidium draba weed

“…Chopra et al (30) have reported that L. draba is antiscorbutic, and the seeds have been used as a cure for flatulence and fish poison. It is an invasive species and has been introduced by contaminated seeds to every continent (31). This wildgrowing weed is extensively found in roadsides, meadows, and fields (32).…”

Activation of Caspase‐9/3 and Inhibition of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition are Critically Involved in Antitumor Effect of Phytol in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

“…Likewise, Phytol, a precursor of vitamin E and K1 and the product of chlorophyll metabolism in several plants, was known to have a variety of biological activities such as anti‐inflammatory (Silva et al ., ), anti‐thombotic (Gross and Weitz, ), anti‐microbial (Radonic et al ., ), and antitumor effects (Komiya et al ., ; Tokita et al ., ). Although Phytol was reported to exert both growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in human lymphoid leukemia Molt 4B cells (Komiya et al ., ), the underlying mechanism of Phytol in HCC was not elucidated until now.…”