Phytoalexin synthesis in the juvenile sorghum leaf

Nicholson, Ralph L.; Jamil, F. F.; Snyder, Beth; Lue, W.; Hipskind, John

doi:10.1016/0885-5765(88)90027-6

Cited by 54 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…The inclusions migrate to the site of attempted penetration, become pigmented, lose their spherical shape and ultimately release their contents into the cytoplasm, killing the cell and restricting further development of the pathogen. The accumulation of 3-deoxyanthocyanidin phytoalexins is a site-specific response localized around the site of attempted fungal penetration (Nicholson et al, 1987(Nicholson et al, , 1988Snyder & Nicholson, 1990). The accumulation of the phytoalexins occurs much more rapidly in infected cells of resistant cultivars than in susceptible cultivars, preventing the proliferation of fungal hyphae throughout the tissue (Wharton & Julian, 1996).…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This family of compounds is common only in the tropical New World angiosperm families Gesneriaceae and Bignoniaceae, where they function as flower pigments (Harborne, 1993). In the genus Sorghum, a member of the Poaceae, the 3-deoxyanthocyanidins serve as phytoalexins (Nicholson et al, 1988 ;Hipskind et al, 1990 ;Aida et al, 1996 ;Lo et al, 1996). Phytoalexins are low-molecular-weight antimicrobial compounds produced by plants in response to infection or stress (Nicholson & Hammerschmidt, 1992 ;VanEtten et al, 1994 ;Smith 1996).…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal synthesis and radiolabelling of the sorghum 3‐deoxyanthocyanidin phytoalexins and the anthocyanin, cyanidin 3‐dimalonyl glucoside

Wharton

Nicholson

2000

New Phytologist

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Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) synthesizes a complex mixture of 3-deoxyanthocyanidin phytoalexins in response to inoculation with the non-pathogenic fungus Bipolaris maydis. The anthocyanin cyanidin 3-dimalonyl glucoside, is also synthesized naturally in response to light. To determine the order and time of appearance of these compounds, etiolated sorghum mesocotyls were inoculated with B. maydis and tissue extracts were analysed by photodiode array-HPLC every 2 h for the first 24 h and at 48 h post inoculation (hpi). Uninoculated and inoculated etiolated mesocotyls were also allowed to incorporate L-[U-"%C] phenylalanine. Apigeninidin appeared at 10 hpi, followed by luteolinidin and apigeninidin 5-O-arabinoside at 14 hpi. Luteolinidin 5-methylether was not detected until 18 hpi and apigeninidin 7-methylether not until 20 hpi. The concentrations of the primary phytoalexins, apigeninidin, luteolinidin and apigeninidin 5-O-arabinoside, rose steadily between 12 and 24 hpi, and the levels of apigeninidin and luteolinidin were approximately equivalent by 24 hpi. However, between 24 and 48 hpi luteolinidin and luteolinidin 5-methylether accumulated rapidly so that by 48 hpi the amounts of luteolinidin and luteolinidin 5-methylether had increased approximately twofold. Radiolabelling also showed that "%C was incorporated into the 3-deoxyanthocyanidins and cyanidin 3-dimalonyl glucoside. Several other unidentified phenolic compounds also accumulated radioactivity.

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Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal synthesis and radiolabelling of the sorghum 3‐deoxyanthocyanidin phytoalexins and the anthocyanin, cyanidin 3‐dimalonyl glucoside

Wharton

Nicholson

2000

New Phytologist

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“…Os mesocótilos cortados foram mantidos a 4ºC no metanol por 96 h para extração dos pigmentos. A absorbância foi determinada a 480 nm em espectrofotômetro UV-VIS (Nicholson et al, 1988).…”

Section: Bioensaio Para Produção De Fitoalexinas Em Mesocótilo De Sorgounclassified

“…A síntese e o acúmulo de fitoalexinas, assim como ativação de outras respostas de defesa, ocorrem em resposta ao reconhecimento de moléculas eliciadoras (Pascholati e Leite, 1995). Em sorgo são conhecidas quatro fitoalexinas, denominadas flavonóides-3-deoxiantocianidinas (Lo et al, 1996): luteolinidina, apigeninidina, éster do ácido caféico de arabinosil 5-O-apigeninidina e 5-metoxiluteolinidina (Nicholson et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…A purificação parcial de compostos presentes em extratos brutos consiste numa forma prática de obter frações com características indutoras e com potencial para o desenvolvimento de produtos específicos altamente indutores (Moreira et al, 2008). Em ensaios dessa natureza, mesocótilos de sorgo têm sido empregados como modelo de estudo, apresentando metodologia estabelecida e fitoalexinas caracterizadas (Nicholson et al, 1988). Dessa forma, neste trabalho, buscou-se a purificação parcial, por precipitação com sulfato de amônio e cromatografia de filtração em gel, de compostos presentes em folhas de Adiantum capillus-veneris do qual foi retirado o extrato bruto para verificar a capacidade de induzir a produção das fitoalexinas deoxiantocianidinas em mesocótilos de sorgo, buscando selecionar frações potencialmente eficientes para trabalhos futuros na indução de resistência às doenças em plantas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Eliciadores proteicos e glicídicos de Adiantum capillus-veneris L. para fitoalexinas em sorgo Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

Meinerz

Müller

Franzener

et al. 2014

Rev. bras. plantas med.

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RESUMO:Este trabalho objetivou a purificação parcial, por precipitação com sulfato de amônio (SA) e cromatografia de filtração em gel (CFG), de compostos presentes no decocto de Adiantum capillus-veneris (avenca) eficientes na indução de fitoalexinas em mesocótilos de Sorghum bicolor sorgo. Decocto de A. capillus-veneris a 1% (peso seco/volume) foi precipitado com concentrações de SA variando de 0 a 100% (em intervalos de 20%), e essas frações foram submetidas à CFG. Para o decocto não precipitado foram obtidos nove picos proteicos e um pico glicídico com massas moleculares variando de 0,61 à 0,01 KDa. Para a precipitação fracionada obteve-se: na fração 0-20% dois picos proteicos (menores que 0,01 KDa) e dois glicídicos com concentração de açúcares variando de 4,1 a 17,5 µg mL -1

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Identification of phenolic compounds and their relationships to in‐vitro digestibility of sorghum leaves from bird‐resistant and non‐bird‐resistant varieties

Mueller-Harvey

Reed

1992

J Sci Food Agric

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Soluble phenolics in leaf blades and sheaths from the crop residues of 24 sorghum varieties were studied. Apigenin, luteolin, apigenin and luteolin 7-0-glucosides, p-coumaric acid, butin and apigeninidin were identified. This is the first report of butin in sorghum tissues. Derivatives of the following compounds were also detected but not characterised further: apigeninidin, luteolinidin, chalcone, flavanone and/or dihydroflavonol, cinnamic acid, apigenin and luteolin. The composition of phenolics was clearly different between leaf blades (LB) and sheaths (LS), and also between leaf sheaths of bird-resistant (BR) and non-birdresistant (NBR) varieties. Routes of flavonoid biosynthesis in BR and NBR varieties appear to diverge at the flavanone/dihydroflavonol level. Several negative correlations were found between HPLC peaks and in-vitro digestibilities, ie true dry matter and neutral-detergent fibre digestibility. These were highly significant with butin and significant with several luteolin derivatives but only with one apigenin derivative. Butin in turn was highly negatively correlated with colorimetric measurements of 3-desoxyanthocyanidins. This may suggest that butin-rather than the 3-desoxyanthocyanidins as previously reported-is implicated in reducing dry matter digestibility. Selecting varieties low in luteolin derivatives and butin and rich in apigenin should enhance the digestibilities of sorghum crop residues.

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Phytoalexin synthesis in the juvenile sorghum leaf

Cited by 54 publications

References 12 publications

Temporal synthesis and radiolabelling of the sorghum 3‐deoxyanthocyanidin phytoalexins and the anthocyanin, cyanidin 3‐dimalonyl glucoside

Temporal synthesis and radiolabelling of the sorghum 3‐deoxyanthocyanidin phytoalexins and the anthocyanin, cyanidin 3‐dimalonyl glucoside

Eliciadores proteicos e glicídicos de Adiantum capillus-veneris L. para fitoalexinas em sorgo Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

Identification of phenolic compounds and their relationships to in‐vitro digestibility of sorghum leaves from bird‐resistant and non‐bird‐resistant varieties

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