Phyto-Pharmacological Properties of Sida Cordifolia: A Review of Folklore Use and Pharmacological Activities

Abstract

Plants have been considered to be useful as a medicine for treating different ailments and improving health conditions, since ancient times. The plants as herbal drugs lay down an important foundation of different, well recognized, ancient, and traditional healthcare systems in India as well as other parts of the world. In India, plants constitute an important and indispensable role in different ancient healthcare systems such as Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, Naturopathy, and Homeopathy. In Ayurveda system of medicine, one of the Rasayana plants having a great medicinal importance is Sida cordifolia belonging to the family Malvaceae. It is an annual undershrub found throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of India. It has been used since ancient times for various ailments in Ayurveda system of medicine. It has numerous folklore uses in different pathological conditions. The plant also reported to possess a number of important pharmacological activities. The present review focused on all these folklore use of this herb along with its reported pharmacological activities.

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“…Generally, ROS function as an oxidant of proteins and lipids by changing their functions through the release of single active compounds that regulate photosynthesis, flower senescence, pollen growth, root formation, and root hairs [126]. Therefore, the activity of the enzymes catalase (CAT), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDA), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione reductase (GSH) is an important indicator of plants under stress conditions [127,128]. is one of the first protection lines for ROS and stomatal reactions involved in the O 2 metabolism in plants [120].…”

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“…Chemical composition [17,18]  Alkaloid part of whole plant-0.085%  Alkaloid mostly found in seeds with 0.32%  Fatty acids, mucilaginous matter, phytosterol, potassium nitrate and resin are also present.  Study conducted on chemical constituents of root it has alkaloids like-beta-phenethylamine, hypaphorine, vasicine, vasicinone and vasicinol, liberal amounts of choline and betaine are also present.…”

“…Sida cordifolia root said to possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, neuroprotective and antiosteoarthritic properties considered as best nervine tonic and immunomodulator. [51] The abundant phyto chemical contents of choline and betaine helps in maintaining proper brain and nervous system functions, healthy structural integrity of cell membrane, DNA synthesis, inhibits osteoclastogenesis, prevents osteoporosis and helps in maintaining bone strength. [52,53] Cow's Ghee: complex lipid of glycerides (mixed), free fatty acids, phospholipids, sterols, fat soluble vitamins, high amount of Vitamin A, carbonyls, hydrocarbons, carotenoids, and E, conjugated linoleic acid, oleic acid are needed for maintain the structural integrity of bone.…”

Secondary metabolite compounds from Sida genus and their bioactivity

“…The cycle of flora and fruit is from October to December ( Shetu et al., 2019 ). Sida cordifolia plants according to Khurana et al. (2016) have the following categorization:…”