Phyto-mediated silver nanoparticles via Mellisa officinalis aqueous and methanolic extracts: synthesis, characterization and biological properties

Abstract

The aim of the study was to examine the influence of extraction method on the size, shape and morphology of synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Silver nanoparticles were prepared by the aqueous and methanolic extracts of lemon balm. The properties of obtained nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis, SEM, XRD and FTIR techniques. The UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed the formation of AgNPs by observing a distinct surface Plasmon resonance band around 450 nm. SEM images showed different shape, size and morphology of AgNPs using two different extracts types. AgNPs derived from the aqueous extract were rod-shaped with a diameter of 19 to 40 nm whereas spherical particles were synthesized by the methanolic extract found smaller with size distribution ranging from 13 to 35 nm. The XRD pattern indicated that AgNPs formed by the reduction of Ag + ions using methanolic extract of M. officinalis were crystal-like in nature. The functional groups of M. officinalis methanolic extract involved in synthesis and stabilization of AgNPs were investigated by FTIR. In addition, AgNPs-containing methanolic extract showed higher antioxidant activity. These particles exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity against gram positive and negative bacteria and a fungus. The nanoparticles produced by the methanolic extract of the lemon balm showed antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The production of silver nanoparticles using plant extract is rapid, low cost and eco-friendly. Therefore, green chemistry is a good alternative to industrial production of nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles can be used as an antiseptic to sterilize the surrounding area and the hospital wastes.

Biogenic synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles using Melissa officinalis L. and Salvia officinalis L. extracts and evaluation of their biosafety potential

“…The results of the evaluation of the antioxidant capacity as well as the amount of total polyphenols in the nanostructured extracts obtained are in agreement with the existing data in the literature, data which show that the reduction in the amount of total polyphenols correlated with a decrease in the antioxidant activity of extracts with MNPs compared to simple extracts is attributed to the fact that the bioorganic material, especially the polyphenols, participates in the reduction of metallic ions as well as in the formation of the coating halo that stabilizes the nanoparticles (Csakvari et al, 2021;Nayeri et al, 2021;Siakavella et al, 2020).…”

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“…Another indication of coordination is that the (N=N) absorption band of free ligand at 1434 cm -l shifts to 1386-1488 cm -1 in complexes, indicating that azo nitrogen is involved in coordinating with the metal. Moreover, the metal-ligand vibrational frequencies of new bands (M-N) discovered in the spectra of all the complexes were determined in the range of 401-563 cm -1 [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Selection optimal concentration for the reagent Different concentrations for the reagent were investigated to determine the optimal concentration.…”

Zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared through microbial mediated synthesis for therapeutic applications: a possible alternative for plants

“…Different physicochemical methods characterize the synthesized NPs to ascertain their distinctive characteristics, such as shape, particle size, purity, composition, surface charge, and active functional groups. These methods include Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Scanning Electron and Transmission Electron Microscopy (Faridvand et al, 2021;Nayeri et al, 2021;Thakur et al, 2022). Furthermore, several factors, like temperature, pH, reaction period and precursor concentration, are essential for determining the production rate, yield, and morphologies of NPs.…”