Phytase activity of<i>Selenomonas ruminantium</i>: a preliminary characterization

Yanke, L. J.; Selinger, L. Brent; Cheng, K.-J.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00568.x

Cited by 58 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A comprehensive description for measurement of these extracellular enzymes and quantitative enzyme assay has been mentioned elsewhere (Bairagi et al 2002). Quantitative assay of xylanase and phytase activities were measured after Bailey et al (1992) and Yanke et al (1999), respectively. Enzyme activities were expressed as units (U).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection and probiotic characterization of exoenzyme-producing bacteria isolated from the gut of Catla catla (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

Dutta¹

2015

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat.

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. 2015. Selection and probiotic characterization of exoenzyme-producing bacteria isolated from the gut of Catla catla (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 45 (4): 373-384.Background. Exoenzyme-producing gut microbiota and their likely use as probionts have been widely investigated in major carps. However, reports on exoenzyme-producing capacity together with inhibition of fi sh pathogens are scarce. The presently reported study aimed at characterization of novel probionts from the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract of an Indian major carp-catla, Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) depending upon extracellular enzyme-production, antagonism against Aeromonas spp., growth in fi sh mucus, bile tolerance, and bio-safety to the target fi sh. Materials and methods. GI tracts were divided into proximal and distal parts, homogenized, and plated onto selective media plates following enrichment culture technique. Exoenzyme-producing isolates were selected through qualitative and quantitative assay of 6 enzymes. Inhibition of Aeromonas spp. was tested through 'cross-streaking' and 'double-layer' method. Tolerance to GI condition was determined by growth in sterilized fi sh mucus and exposure to bile juice. Bio-safety evaluation was done by intra-peritoneal injection of live candidate probiotics and co-culture with autochthonous gut bacteria. Further, 16S rDNA fragments from the putative probiotics were sequenced, edited, analysed, identifi ed, and deposited to the GenBank. Results. Seventeen potent isolates were primarily selected through the ability of producing extracellular enzymes, viz., amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase, phytase, and xylanase. Further study portraying antagonism against Aeromonas salmonicida, A. hydrophila, and A. veronii led to select the strains CCH1A and CCH1Ph as putative probiotics. Both the strains were competent to grow in intestinal mucus and could resist diluted bile juice (9% and 10.5%, respectively). The isolates did not produce any disease symptom or mortality in Catla catla fi ngerlings during the 21 day trial and were competent to grow with other autochthonous isolates. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the strains CCH1A and CCHIPh were identifi ed as Bacillus aerius (KF623288) and Bacillus sonorensis (KF623289), respectively. Conclusion. Exoenzyme-producing gut bacteria may inhibit the growth of pathogenic Aeromonas spp. and tolerate gastrointestinal condition. Further research is inevitable to explore their potentialities in aquaculture.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection and probiotic characterization of exoenzyme-producing bacteria isolated from the gut of Catla catla (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

Dutta¹

2015

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat.

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“…Out of the 95 phytase-producing bacterial strains isolated from the fish species examined; 32 randomly selected isolates (33% of total isolates) were further evaluated for quantitative phytase assay. Quantitative phytase assay was done with MPSM broths and one phytase unit (U) was defined as 1 µg of inorganic phosphorus released per 1 mL of culture filtrate per 1 min (Yanke et al 1999). Potent phytase-producers were further studied to quantify extracellular protease, amylase, cellulase, and lipase production capacities.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Identification of Gut-Associated Phytase-Producing Bacteria in Some Freshwater Fish Cultured in Ponds

Khan¹,

Ghosh²

2012

Acta Icth et Piscat

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Khan A., Ghosh K. 2012. Characterization and identification of gut-associated phytase-producing bacteria in some fresh water fish cultured in ponds. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 42 (1): 37-45.Background. Phytase produced by gut bacteria increases the availability of phosphorus and other important nutrients in ruminants by virtue of enzymatic hydrolysis of the phytic acid, an antinutritional factor present in the majority of plant feedstuffs. This topic, however, has been insufficiently investigated in fish. This study was intended: to evaluate the presence of phytase-producing autochthonous bacteria in the gastrointestinal (GI) tracts of 14 freshwater teleost fishes; and to identify the most promising phytase-producing strains by phenotypic characterization and 16S rDNA. Materials and methods. The GI tracts were removed and divided into proximal (PI) and distal (DI) intestine.Homogenates of intestinal segments were spread onto sterilized tryptone soya agar and modified phytase screening media (MPSM) plates to determine autochthonous culturable heterotrophic and phytase-producing microbiota, respectively. Data were presented as log viable counts (LVC) g-1 intestine. Out of 95 phytase-producing isolates, primarily selected 32 isolates were studied for phytase-assay using MPSM broth. Promising phytase-producing isolates were evaluated for other exo-enzymes (amylase, cellulase, protease, lipase) using 4 selective media. Two most promising phytase-producing isolates were identified by phenotypic characterization and 16S rDNA.Results. Population of heterotrophic bacteria was highest (LVC = 8.29 g -1 intestine) in the DI of Gudusia chapra followed by DI of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (LVC = 6.82 g -1 intestine). However, more than log 4 reduction of the phytase-producing bacteria was observed compared to heterotrophic bacteria. Phytase-producing microbiota was highest in the PI of G. chapra (LVC = 3.95 g -1 intestine) followed by PI of Labeo calbasu (LVC = 3.78 g -1 intestine). The strain LB1.4 isolated from DI of Labeo bata showed highest phytase activity (2.33 ± 0.006 U · mL -1 ) followed by the strain GC1.2 (2.19 ± 0.018 U · mL -1 ) isolated from PI of G. chapra. Both isolates were efficient in producing other exo-enzymes. Phenotypic characterization and nucleotide homology analysis revealed that the isolates LB1.4 and GC1.2 were similar to Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus atrophaeus, respectively. Conclusion. Autochthonous phytate degrading bacteria were present in the GI tract of fish that might endow ecological advantages to overcome the anti-nutritional effects of plant phytate.Keywords: Gut bacteria, phytase, Bacillus, freshwater teleost, 16S rDNA During the last decade there has been an improved understanding on the importance of commensal intestinal microbiota in fish ). The gut microbiota may be categorized as either autochthonous (indigenous; adherent) or allochthonous (transient) depending upon its ability to adhere and colonize the mucus layer in the digestive tract (Ringø and Birkbeck 1999, Ringø et al. 2003). P...

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“…Quantitative assay of phytase and xylanase activities were measured following Yanke et al (1999) and Bailey (1992), respectively. Protein content in the enzyme sample was measured after Lowry et al (1951) and unit (U) activity has been presented.…”

Section: Extracellular Enzyme Production: Quantitative Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Gut Associated Extracellular Enzyme-producing and Pathogen Inhibitory Microbial Community as Potential Probiotics in Nile Tilapia, <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>

Ghosh

Banerjee²,

Moon³

et al. 2017

ija

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Phytase activity ofSelenomonas ruminantium: a preliminary characterization

Cited by 58 publications

References 28 publications

Selection and probiotic characterization of exoenzyme-producing bacteria isolated from the gut of Catla catla (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

Selection and probiotic characterization of exoenzyme-producing bacteria isolated from the gut of Catla catla (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

Characterization and Identification of Gut-Associated Phytase-Producing Bacteria in Some Freshwater Fish Cultured in Ponds

Evaluation of Gut Associated Extracellular Enzyme-producing and Pathogen Inhibitory Microbial Community as Potential Probiotics in Nile Tilapia, <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>

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