Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for β-Lactam Antibiotics I: Tissue Distribution and Elimanation Rates

Involvement of Organic Cation Transporter 1 in Hepatic and Intestinal Distribution of Metformin

“…2). In the liver and duodenum of Oct1(Ϫ/Ϫ) mice, the K p values of metformin were 0.13 and 0.14, respectively, these values being comparable with the extracellular volume of these tissues (Tsuji et al, 1983). Because the plasma concentration at this time point (5-10 g/ml corresponding to 30 -60 M) is much lower than the K m of metformin for Oct1, Oct1-mediated transport may not …”

Development of a novel systemic gene delivery system for cancer therapy with a tumor-specific cleavable PEG-lipid

“…In contrast, in the case of the in vivo tumor, 1 g of tissue consisted of 1 Â 10 9 cells, which are surrounded by approximately 200 ml of extracellular space. 35 Therefore, the extracellular space per cell is 2.5 Â 10 4 times higher in the in vitro culture cells. In other words, the secreted MMP in vivo is much more effectively concentrated (B2.5 Â 10 4 -fold), as compared with the in vitro cell culture system.…”

Use of the Øie-Tozer Model in Understanding Mechanisms and Determinants of Drug Distribution

“…This could explain cases such as cefazolin for which plasma protein binding has been shown to be nonlinear in rat (Tsuji et al, 1983). The free fraction in rat serum at 10, 100, and 200 g/ml was measured as 11, 20, and 41%, respectively.…”