Physiologically based boundary conditions in finite element modelling

Speirs, Andrew; Heller, Markus O.; Duda, Georg N.; Taylor, William R.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.10.038

Cited by 176 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…There are some similarities in the predicted stress distributions in the proximal femur above the lesser trochanter. However, the stress distribution in the diaphyseal and distal femur appears to be sensitive to the chosen muscle forces and boundary conditions (Speirs et al, 2007). So, which set of muscle and boundary conditions best predicts the in vivo stress/strain field?…”

Section: Development Of a Representative Model With Appropriate Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four decades of finite element analysis of orthopaedic devices: Where are we now and what are the opportunities?

Taylor

Prendergast

2015

Journal of Biomechanics

134

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a b s t r a c tFinite element has been used for more than four decades to study and evaluate the mechanical behaviour total joint replacements. In Huiskes seminal paper "Failed innovation in total hip replacement: diagnosis and proposals for a cure", finite element modelling was one of the potential cures to avoid poorly performing designs reaching the market place. The size and sophistication of models has increased significantly since that paper and a range of techniques are available from predicting the initial mechanical environment through to advanced adaptive simulations including bone adaptation, tissue differentiation, damage accumulation and wear. However, are we any closer to FE becoming an effective screening tool for new devices? This review contains a critical analysis of currently available finite element modelling techniques including (i) development of the basic model, the application of appropriate material properties, loading and boundary conditions, (ii) describing the initial mechanical environment of the bone-implant system, (iii) capturing the time dependent behaviour in adaptive simulations, (iv) the design and implementation of computer based experiments and (v) determining suitable performance metrics.The development of the underlying tools and techniques appears to have plateaued and further advances appear to be limited either by a lack of data to populate the models or the need to better understand the fundamentals of the mechanical and biological processes. There has been progress in the design of computer based experiments. Historically, FE has been used in a similar way to in vitro tests, by running only a limited set of analyses, typically of a single bone segment or joint under idealised conditions. The power of finite element is the ability to run multiple simulations and explore the performance of a device under a variety of conditions. There has been increasing usage of design of experiments, probabilistic techniques and more recently population based modelling to account for patient and surgical variability. In order to have effective screening methods, we need to continue to develop these approaches to examine the behaviour and performance of total joint replacements and benchmark them for devices with known clinical performance.Finite element will increasingly be used in the design, development and pre-clinical testing of total joint replacements. However, simulations must include holistic, closely corroborated, multi-domain analyses which account for real world variability.

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Section: Development Of a Representative Model With Appropriate Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four decades of finite element analysis of orthopaedic devices: Where are we now and what are the opportunities?

Taylor

Prendergast

2015

Journal of Biomechanics

134

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“…Fracture prediction must account for the forces imposed by impact and the reaction of connecting muscles during falls or other potential loading scenarios (Speirs et al 2007). The importance of this is highlighted when considering Bone strength as determined from μFE correlated well to bone volume for 34 distal radii (17 cases and 17 controls) from an elderly, female population (78.4 ± 7.9 years).…”

Section: Loading Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, most simulations using complex boundary conditions strongly simplify material properties (Pistoia et al 2002;Speirs et al 2007), either by employing a continuum-based approach or by assuming a linear homogeneous microstructure. To improve the accuracy of predictions, these models must come together in a multiscale fashion such that all of the discussed complexities are incorporated into a single model.…”

Section: The Multiscale Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiscale modelling and nonlinear finite element analysis as clinical tools for the assessment of fracture risk

Christen

Webster

Müller

2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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The risk of osteoporotic fractures is currently estimated based on an assessment of bone mass as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. However, patient-specific finite element (FE) simulations that include information from multiple scales have the potential to allow more accurate prognosis. In the past, FE models of bone were limited either in resolution or to the linearization of the mechanical behaviour. Now, nonlinear, high-resolution simulations including the bone microstructure have been made possible by recent advances in simulation methods, computer infrastructure and imaging, allowing the implementation of multiscale modelling schemes. For example, the mechanical loads generated in the musculoskeletal system define the boundary conditions for organ-level, continuum-based FE models, whose nonlinear material properties are derived from microstructural information. Similarly microstructure models include tissuelevel information such as the dynamic behaviour of collagen by modifying the model's constitutive law. This multiscale approach to modelling the mechanics of bone allows a more accurate characterization of bone fracture behaviour. Furthermore, such models could also include the effects of ageing, osteoporosis and drug treatment. Here we present the current state of the art for multiscale modelling and assess its potential to better predict an individual's risk of fracture in a clinical setting.

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“…A recent joint constrained BC for the femur has been developed (Speirs et al, 2006) and has had success in producing physiologically relevant results for FE models of the femur (Speirs et al, 2006, Behrens et al, 2009). The authors compared commonly implemented BCs from previous FE models against a proposed joint BC.…”

Section: Joint Bcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though the same questions could be asked in the small patch models, previous research performed on walking simulations have had great success with small patches of distributed forces (Duda et al, 1998, Stolk et al, 2001, Speirs et al, 2006.…”

Section: Master's Thesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Subject Specific Finite Element Model Used to Predict the Effects of a Single Leg Extension Exercise

Gleeson¹

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The study presented attempts to prove the concept that mechanical changes in the structure of a bone can be predicted for a specific exercise by a subject specific model created from CT data, MRI data, EMG data, and a physiologic FE model. Previous work generated a subject specific FE model of a femur via CT and MRI data as well as created a set of subject specific biomechanical muscle forces that are required to perform a single leg extension exercise. The FE model and muscle forces were implemented into a single leg extension FE code (ABAQUS) along with a specialized bone remodeling UMAT. The UMAT updated the mechanical properties of the femur via a damage-repair bone remodeling algorithm. The single leg extension FE code was verified by applying walking loads to the femur and allowing the system to equilibrate. The results were used to apply the appropriate walking loads to the final FE simulation for the single leg extension exercise. The final FE simulation included applying the single leg extension loads over a one year period and plotting the change in porosity at various regions of the femoral neck. Although only two regions were found to generate valid results, the data seemed counterintuitive to Wolff's Law which states that bone adaptation is promoted when the material is stressed. The model was successful in creating a subject specific model that is capable of predicting changes in the mechanical properties of bone. However, in order to generate valid FE model results, further understanding of the bone remodeling process and application via a FE model is required.

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Physiologically based boundary conditions in finite element modelling

Cited by 176 publications

References 14 publications

Four decades of finite element analysis of orthopaedic devices: Where are we now and what are the opportunities?

Four decades of finite element analysis of orthopaedic devices: Where are we now and what are the opportunities?

Multiscale modelling and nonlinear finite element analysis as clinical tools for the assessment of fracture risk

Development of a Subject Specific Finite Element Model Used to Predict the Effects of a Single Leg Extension Exercise

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