Physiological Variation in Animals

Prosser, C. Ladd

doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.1955.tb01208.x

Cited by 208 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…This view is in accordance with that of PROSSER (1955), SCHLIEPER (1958), andSMITH (1955). They worked with species having wide salinity toleration, and found different osmotic resistance in populations from different salinity areas.…”

Section: Bouyancysupporting

confidence: 83%

The effect of salinity on buoyancy, size and development of flounder eggs

Solemdal

1967

Sarsia

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To cite this article : Per Solemdal (1967) The effect of salinity on buoyancy, size and development of flounder eggs, ABSTRACT Size and buoyancy of flounder eggs are markedly altered when ripe females are transferred from 34.5 0/00 to 5 0/00 salinity. After 3 weeks in low salinity the buoyancy is reduced from 31 to 23 0/00 salinity and the egg-volume increased with 17 %. The results are discussed on the basis of osmotic adjustment of the internal fluids.Flounder eggs from Bergen never develop in salinities lower than 11 0/00' Eggs from Finnish waters, 6.5 0/00 salinity, are fertilized in this salinity and develop at the bottom.Ecological aspects are discussed.

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Section: Bouyancysupporting

confidence: 83%

The effect of salinity on buoyancy, size and development of flounder eggs

Solemdal

1967

Sarsia

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“…As temperature is the principal environmental variable differing among latitudes, adaptive genetic variation in physiological performance across latitudes is expected within species (reviewed by Prosser 1955, Garland & Adolph 1991. Many poikilothermic animals display some form of latitudinal compensation, by which individuals living in colder, high-latitude environments may maintain physiological activity nearly as high as individuals living in low-latitude locales (Bullock 1955(Bullock , 1957.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Latitudinal compensation in female reproductive rate of a geographically widespread reef fish

Kokita

2004

Environmental Biology of Fishes

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SynopsisLatitudinal variation in fitness-related traits has often been attributed to local adaptation to climates. In poikilotherms including fishes, lower temperatures and shorter reproductive seasons at high latitudes would be expected to cause a reduction in annual reproductive output of an individual. Theories of latitudinal compensation predict that organisms at high latitudes should evolve compensatory responses for these climatic effects. Therefore, latitudinal compensation in female reproductive rate (egg production rate), that individuals from high latitudes produce eggs at higher rates than those from lower latitudes, is likely to occur. I tested this hypothesis with a latitudinally widespread reef fish Pomacentrus coelestis that is a multiple batch spawner, from three different localities, from temperate to subtropical waters, within Japan. I used common-environment experiments at three different temperatures to compare reproductive capacity among local populations. In the experiments, average inter-spawning intervals were the shortest and average sizespecific clutch weight was the heaviest in fish from the most northern locality across all temperatures, showing clear latitudinal clines. Thus, the northern fish can achieve higher reproductive output per unit time both by shortening inter-spawning intervals and increasing size-specific clutch weight. Additionally, faster egg production rate of the northern fish did not result from increased food consumption. This finding suggests that gross egg production efficiency was higher in the northern fish and that northern fish had a superior capacity for reproduction within a season. These results support the prediction that latitudinal compensation occurs in the female reproductive rate of P. coelestis. As the reproductive season of this species decreases drastically with increasing latitude, the observed cline in the reproductive rate must be an adaptive response to the local selective regime, i.e., length of the reproductive season. Such latitudinal compensation in female reproductive rates may be a common pattern in latitudinally widespread fishes.

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“…The study of thermal compensation mechanisms has resulted in a number of explanatory models and hypotheses (e.g. Prosser, 1955;Precht, 1958;Lagerspetz, 2006;Angilletta, 2009). One of the earliest of these, developed by Precht (Precht, 1958), categorised five different types of thermal compensation based on thermal coefficients, or Q 10 values, where the Q 10 is defined as the factorial increase of a (biological) rate for every 10°C increase in temperature, where a Q 10 of 2 indicates a doubling of a rate over 10°C, indicative of a thermodynamically driven increase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal changes in the behaviour and respiration physiology of the freshwater duck musselAnodonta anatina.

Lurman

Walter

Hoppeler

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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For low-energy organisms such as bivalves, the costs of thermal compensation of biological rates (synonymous with acclimation or acclimatization) may be higher than the benefits. We therefore conducted two experiments to examine the effect of seasonal temperature changes on behaviour and oxygen consumption. In the first experiment, we examined the effects of seasonal temperature changes on the freshwater bivalve Anodonta anatina, taking measurements each month for a year at the corresponding temperature for that time of year. There was no evidence for compensation of burrowing valve closure duration or frequency, or locomotory speed. In the second experiment, we compared A. anatina at summer and winter temperatures (24 and 4°C, respectively) and found no evidence for compensation of the burrowing rate, valve closure duration or frequency, or oxygen consumption rates during burrowing, immediately after valve closure or at rest. Within the experimental limits of this study, the evidence suggests that thermal compensation of biological rates is not a strategy employed by A. anatina. We argue that this is due to either a lack of evolutionary pressure to acclimatize, or evolutionary pressure to not acclimatize. Firstly, there is little incentive to increase metabolic rate to enhance predatory ability given that these are filter feeders. Secondly, maintained low energetic demand, enhanced at winter temperatures, is essential for predator avoidance, i.e. valve closure. Thus, we suggest that the costs of acclimatization outweigh the benefits in A. anatina.

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Physiological Variation in Animals

Cited by 208 publications

References 155 publications

The effect of salinity on buoyancy, size and development of flounder eggs

The effect of salinity on buoyancy, size and development of flounder eggs

Latitudinal compensation in female reproductive rate of a geographically widespread reef fish

Seasonal changes in the behaviour and respiration physiology of the freshwater duck musselAnodonta anatina.

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