Physiological Traits of Thirty-Five Tomato Accessions in Response to Low Temperature

Abstract

Tomato is often exposed to diverse abiotic stresses and cold stress is one of harsh environmental stresses. Abnormal low temperature affects tomato growth and development, leading to, e.g., physiological disorders, flower drops, and abnormal fruit morphology, and causing a decrease in tomato yield and fruit quality. It is important to identify low temperature-(LT) tolerant tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars relying on different fruit types. In this study, our focus was to analyze the physiological traits of 35 tomato accessions with three different fruit types (cherry, medium, and large sizes) under night temperature set-points of 15 °C for control temperature (CT) and 10 °C for LT, respectively. Plant heights (PH) of most tomato accessions in LT were remarkably decreased compared to those in CT. The leaf length (LL) and leaf width (LW) were reduced depending on the genotypes under LT. In addition, the number of fruits (NFR), fruit set (FS), fruit yield (FY), and marketable yield (MY) were negatively affected in LT. The variation was further investigated by the correlation, the principal component (PCA), and the cluster analysis. Interestingly, positive correlations between different vegetative and reproductive traits were uncovered. Multivariate analysis including the PCA and hierarchical clustering classified the LT-treated 35 tomato accessions into four major groups. The identified accessions were associated with vegetative and reproductive parameters on positive directions. The results might be utilized for establishing breeding programs on selecting LT-tolerant tomato cultivars with different selection indices relying on fruit types during vegetative and/or reproductive stages.

Optimization of a Water-Saving and Fertilizer-Saving Model for Enhancing Xinjiang Korla Fragrant Pear Yield, Quality, and Net Profits under Water and Fertilizer Coupling

“…Fertilizer application can also promote the growth of the fragrant pear root system, which can promote soil water uptake and thus improve water use efficiency [56]; however, excessive fertilizer application will impair the balance between nutritional and reproductive growth, resulting in a lower yield and PFP of fragrant pear. Similar findings were reported by Xing et al [42] and Faloye et al [57]. Moreover, Liu et al [9] showed that the optimal fragrant pear yield was 53,790 kg ha −1 when the fertilizer application was 690 kg ha −1 and when the irrigation amount was 10,650 m 3 ha −1 .…”

“…Because a single index cannot fully reflect the quality of fragrant pear, different fragrant pear quality indices in different water and fertilizer treatments were analyzed to determine the optimal value. Therefore, SPSS software with principal component analysis (PCA) was used to comprehensively evaluate the chemical and physical quality of fragrant pear [42]. In the present study, six fragrant pear chemical quality indices and six fragrant pear physical quality indexes were selected.…”

“…Wang et al [44] found the optimal water and fertilizer area in 80% of the overlapping area. Li et al [42] concluded that the acceptable area for grapes was the optimal amount of water and fertilizer in the overlap area with relative values ≥ 90% through a 3-year experiment. The advantage of using this method is that it can accurately quantify the optimal value of the target and determine the acceptable zone to meet different requirements, rather than analyzing through the trend of change and simple size comparison.…”

Uptake and Translocation of a Silica Nanocarrier and an Encapsulated Organic Pesticide Following Foliar Application in Tomato Plants

“…The results from this study provide new knowledge on inorganic (silica) nanocarrier design and nanopesticide dosing required for translocation, which can inform the design of longer-term and scaled-up experiments in the field aimed at assessing nanopesticide efficacy toward achieving higher crop protection and yield. The model plant used in this study was tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), an important cash crop worldwide ($8.5 billion market), and its protection from numerous pests is a priority. , …”

“…important cash crop worldwide ($8.5 billion market 45 ), and its protection from numerous pests is a priority. 46,47 ■ EXPERIMENTAL SECTION Chemicals. The chemicals used and their sources are stated in the Supporting Information.…”