Physiological Roles of Brassinosteroids in Early Growth of Arabidopsis: Brassinosteroids Have a Synergistic Relationship with Gibberellin as well as Auxin in Light-Grown Hypocotyl Elongation

Tanaka, Kiwamu; Nakamura, Yasushi; Asami, Tadao; Yoshida, Shigeo; Matsuo, Tomoaki; Okamoto, Shigehisa

doi:10.1007/s00344-003-0119-3

Cited by 99 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Similarly significant increase in the levels of free PAs has been reported in Tobacco By-2 cells exposed to 0.05mM CdCl 2 (Kuthanova et al, 2004). The synergistic interaction of BRs and auxins has been widely studied (Tanaka et al, 2003;Nemhauser et al, 2004). Reduced contents of free IAA by 6.3 folds and bound IAA by 3.1 folds were recorded in seedlings treated with Cu metal, when compared with controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

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Epibrassinolide regulated synthesis of polyamines and auxins in Raphanus sativus L. seedlings under Cu metal stress

Pal

Bhardwaj

Gupta³

et al. 2009

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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The effects of various conc of (10 -11 , 10 -9 and 10 -7 M) 24-epibrassinolide (24-epiBL) on polyamines and auxins contents was analyzed in 7days old seedlings of Raphanus sativus L. cv. Pusa chetki under copper metal stress. Cu metal (0.2mM) treatment significantly increased endogenous levels of putrescine, spermidine and spermine when compared with control values. Cadaverine content got decreased under metal stress. Endogenous polyamines showed varying levels in seedlings when applying 24-epiBL treatment only. Maximum increase was found in putrescine, cadaverine and spermidine in 10 -11 , 10 -9 and 10 -7 M conc of 24-epiBL respectively when applied alone to R. sativus seedlings. However, metal treatment supplemented with 24-epiBL revealed small increase in polyamines. Putrescine and cadaverine got enhanced in combination of Cu metal and 10 -7 M (24-epiBL) in comparison to metal treatment alone, whereas decrease in spermidine and spermine levels were recorded in combinations of Cu metal and 10 -9 and 10 -7 M 24-epiBL respectively. Endogenous contents of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) were significantly affected by 24-epiBL when applied alone or along with Cu metal. Both free and bound forms of NAA were not detected in untreated seedlings, but were recorded in seedlings treated with metal stress. Decreased IAA contents observed in metal treatment got enhanced significantly in seedlings with 24-epiBL supplementation. To the best of our knowledge the present investigation is the first one to explain the effects of 24-epiBL on endogenous contents of polyamines, indole acetic acid and naphthalene acetic acid under copper metal stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Brassinosteriods showed synergistic effects with auxins. Their co-application increased hypocotyls elongation in Arabidopsis seedlings (Tanaka et al, 2003). However, the influence of BRs on the endogenous levels of PAs and auxins under metal stress remains poorly understood.…”

Section: Brassinosteriodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epibrassinolide regulated synthesis of polyamines and auxins in Raphanus sativus L. seedlings under Cu metal stress

Pal

Bhardwaj

Gupta³

et al. 2009

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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“…BR application rescues the germination phenotype of GA-insensitive mutants (Steber and McCourt 2001) and has a synergistic effect with GAs on hypocotyl elongation (Tanaka et al 2003), suggestive of a cross-talk interaction of these hormones. In Arabidopsis, the BR signal transduction cascade is by now well understood, thanks to extensive molecular and genetic studies that contributed to the identification of all major signaling components in the pathway ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

BR-dependent phosphorylation modulates PIF4 transcriptional activity and shapes diurnal hypocotyl growth

et al. 2014

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Signaling by the hormones brassinosteroid (BR) and gibberellin (GA) is critical to normal plant growth and development and is required for hypocotyl elongation in response to dark and elevated temperatures. Active BR signaling is essential for GA promotion of hypocotyl growth and suppresses the dwarf phenotype of GA mutants. Cross-talk between these hormones occurs downstream from the DELLAs, as GA-induced destabilization of these GA signaling repressors is not affected by BRs. Here we show that the light-regulated PIF4 (phytochromeinteracting factor 4) factor is a phosphorylation target of the BR signaling kinase BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 2 (BIN2), which marks this transcriptional regulator for proteasome degradation. Expression of a mutated PIF41A protein lacking a conserved BIN2 phosphorylation consensus causes a severe elongated phenotype and strongly up-regulated expression of the gene targets. However, PIF41A is not able to suppress the dwarf phenotype of the bin2-1 mutant with constitutive activation of this kinase. PIFs were shown to be required for the constitutive BR response of bes1-D and bzr1-1D mutants, these factors acting in an interdependent manner to promote cell elongation. Here, we show that bes1-D seedlings are still repressed by the inhibitor BRZ in the light and that expression of the nonphosphorylatable PIF41A protein makes this mutant fully insensitive to brassinazole (BRZ). PIF41A is preferentially stabilized at dawn, coinciding with the diurnal time of maximal growth. These results uncover a main role of BRs in antagonizing light signaling by inhibiting BIN2-mediated destabilization of the PIF4 factor. This regulation plays a prevalent role in timing hypocotyl elongation to late night, before light activation of phytochrome B (PHYB) and accumulation of DELLAs restricts PIF4 transcriptional activity.

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“…Many developmental responses induced by GAs are similar to those induced by BR. 17 Furthermore, direct crosstalk between GA and BR signaling pathways has been demonstrated in Arabidopsis. 2 In order to evaluate the effect of elevated [CO 2 ] on the relationship between BR and GA, the expression of BR-related genes was analyzed in plants treated with PAC or GA grown under ambient or elevated [CO 2 ].…”

Section: Disclosure Of Potential Conflicts Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion of growth by elevated carbon dioxide is coordinated through a flexible transcriptional network in Arabidopsis

Ribeiro

Mueller‐Roeber

Schippers

2013

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Physiological Roles of Brassinosteroids in Early Growth of Arabidopsis: Brassinosteroids Have a Synergistic Relationship with Gibberellin as well as Auxin in Light-Grown Hypocotyl Elongation

Cited by 99 publications

References 61 publications

Epibrassinolide regulated synthesis of polyamines and auxins in Raphanus sativus L. seedlings under Cu metal stress

Epibrassinolide regulated synthesis of polyamines and auxins in Raphanus sativus L. seedlings under Cu metal stress

BR-dependent phosphorylation modulates PIF4 transcriptional activity and shapes diurnal hypocotyl growth

Promotion of growth by elevated carbon dioxide is coordinated through a flexible transcriptional network in Arabidopsis

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