Physiological Role of Amyloid Beta in Neural Cells: The Cellular Trophic Activity

Cárdenas-Aguayo, María del Carmen; Silva-Lucero, Maria-del-Carmen; Cortés-Ortiz, Maribel; Jiménez-Ramos, B.; Gómez-Virgilio, Laura; Ramírez-Rodríguez, Gerardo; Arroyo, Edgardo; Fiorentino-Pérez, R.; Garcı́a, Ubaldo; Luna-Muñoz, José; Meraz-Ríos, Marco Antonio

doi:10.5772/57398

Cited by 42 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…Amyloid is a protein that is normally found throughout the body. For reasons as yet unknown, in AD, the protein divides indecently, creating a form called beta amyloid, which is toxic to neurons in the [4] brain. Why beta amyloid is formed or why it causes cell death is something nobody knows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extracellular deposits of Ab are characteristic of several neurological conditions. One of the major conditions is Alzheimer's disease [4]. Ab is the prime protein in the plaques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence has been accumulating that the components of the APP processing pathway are involved in non-pathological normal function of the CNS. Below is the schematic of the generation of Ab from APP [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High levels of Ab reduce long-term potentiation (LTP). Such a type of synaptic plasticity is associated with learning and memory, thus, causing memory loss [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This APP is processed by two pathways, viz., an amyloidogenic pathway and a non-amyloidogenic pathway ( Fig. 1) [4]. Amyloid beta is a peptide generated by the amyloidogenic pathway of APP processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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β-Amyloid Biomarker Detection for Alzheimer’s Disease

Grajales

Shuang

et al. 2017

J. Anal. Test.

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease. It is a type of dementia and it mainly deals with thinking, memory and behavioral aspects. It is a progressive disease, which in course of time damages most sections of the brain. Beta amyloid peptides (Ab) have been recognized as potential biomarkers to monitor AD. The Ab protein is made up of 39-42 amino acids, which are the main components of the plaques found in the AD brain. This beta amyloid is toxic to the neurons and causes degeneration. In order to measure these biomarkers, nanobiosensing techniques are used. Timely monitoring of Ab levels helps in the detection of the irreversible disease called AD. These techniques fall in two categories, viz., in vitro and in vivo. Several techniques like electrochemical techniques, cantilever-based liposome biosensor, ELISA, PET scan, microdialysis, etc., are discussed further in the article. These techniques can prove to be effective methods for quantifying amyloid deposition within specific brain regions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extracellular deposits of Ab are characteristic of several neurological conditions. One of the major conditions is Alzheimer's disease [4]. Ab is the prime protein in the plaques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High levels of Ab reduce long-term potentiation (LTP). Such a type of synaptic plasticity is associated with learning and memory, thus, causing memory loss [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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β-Amyloid Biomarker Detection for Alzheimer’s Disease

Grajales

Shuang

et al. 2017

J. Anal. Test.

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Structure‐dependent effects of amyloid‐β on long‐term memory in Lymnaea stagnalis

et al. 2017

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Amyloid‐β (Aβ) peptides are implicated in the causation of memory loss, neuronal impairment, and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Our recent work revealed that Aβ 1–42 and Aβ 25–35 inhibit long‐term memory (LTM) recall in Lymnaea stagnalis (pond snail) in the absence of cell death. Here, we report the characterization of the active species prepared under different conditions, describe which Aβ species is present in brain tissue during the behavioral recall time point and relate the sequence and structure of the oligomeric species to the resulting neuronal properties and effect on LTM. Our results suggest that oligomers are the key toxic Aβ1–42 structures, which likely affect LTM through synaptic plasticity pathways, and that Aβ 1–42 and Aβ 25–35 cannot be used as interchangeable peptides.

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