Physiological responses of Coffea arabica cultivars in association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Abstract

The inoculation of coffee plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may influence some of its physiological parameters, promoting benefits in the growth of newly planted coffee. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological responses of different cultivars of Coffea arabica inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The experiment was conducted in a vegetation house in Diamantina, state Minas Gerais. The design was in randomized blocks, in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replications. The factors were composed of coffee seedlings of Rubi (MG 1192), Mundo Novo (IAC 379-19) and Catuaí Vermelho (IAC 144) cultivars, inoculated or not with FMA Rhizophagus clarus, Acaulospora colombiana and Mix composed by R. clarus and A. colombiana. At 150 days after transplantation, physiological characteristics such as photosynthetic rate, internal carbon concentration, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, internal carbon / atmospheric carbon ratio and percentage of mycorrhizal colonization were evaluated. AMF inoculation affected positively the physiology of coffee plants, increasing photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration, carbon consumed (∆CO 2), water use efficiency (EUA) and percentage of mycorrhizal colonization (%), as well as reducing the internal carbon concentration (Ci) for all combinations of AMF cultivars and species. The cultivar Rubi, when inoculated with R. clarus or Mix, obtained a higher percentage of colonization. The physiological activity of coffee plants is altered by symbiotic association, and their responses varied between AMF species and cultivars.

Indicadores de calidad para posturas microinjertadas de Theobroma cacao inoculadas con hongos micorrízicos arbusculares

“…El ICD integra todos los parámetros de los demás índices calculados, permitió evaluar mejor las diferencias morfológicas entre las plantas de los diferentes tratamientos y se ha utilizado para predecir el comportamiento en viveros de Talipariti elatum (sw.) fryxell (Falcón Oconor et al, 2015), Coffea spp. (da Silva Ardito et al, 2017;de Sousa Cruz et al, 2020;Pechara da Costa Jaeggi et al, 2018) y en Swietenia mahagoni, L. Jacq (Falcón Oconor et al, 2021). Este índice fue el mejor parámetro para indicar la calidad de una planta, ya que expresó el equilibrio de la distribución de la masa y la robustez, lo que evita seleccionar plantas desproporcionadas y descartar ejemplares de menor altura, pero de mayor vigor, pues mientras mayor sea el ICD obtenido por una planta, se le considera de mayor calidad con respecto a otras (Dickson et al, 1960).…”

“…El análisis epistémico a los aportes de la diversidad de autores antes señalados, ha permitido conocer el no uso de indicadores para determinar la calidad de las posturas de cacao, ya que son utilizados en plántulas de cafeto (da Silva Ardito et al, 2017;de Sousa Cruz et al, 2020;Marana et al, 2008;Pechara da Costa Jaeggi et al, 2018) y forestales (Falcón Oconor et al, 2015;Falcón Oconor et al, 2021;Noguera-Talavera et al, 2014;Rodríguez-Ortiz et al, 2021). El objetivo de este trabajo fue definir indicadores de calidad para posturas de cacao producida vía micro injertos, en función de las fuentes orgánicas y hongos micorrízicos arbusculares en un suelo Cambisol.…”

Structure of AMF Community in an Agroforestry System of Coffee and Macauba Palm

“…The same microorganisms improve soil structure and aggregation by extra-radical hyphae and/or glycoprotein exudation (Banks et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2017). All these benefits are dependent on the ecological context, which includes both microclimatic and edaphic aspects (Aldrich-Wolfe et al, 2020;Cruz et al, 2020;Araújo et al, 2020). In intercropped systems, this concern needs to be considered, to manage the microclimate conditions (Arias et al, 2012;Dobo et al, 2018;Aldrich-Wolfe et al 2020), as determined by the density planting and distance to the tree, aiming to maintain or reach optimum AMF diversity.…”