Physiological Responses in Abalone Haliotis discus hannai with Different Salinity

Shin, Yun-Kyung; Jiang, Jun; Im, Jae-Hyun; Kim, Dong-Wook; Son, Maeng-Hyun; Kim, Eung-Oh

doi:10.9710/kjm.2011.27.4.283

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…By contrast, at 20 and 25°C, the survival rate by the end of 7 days was 100%, indicating that abalones are more resistant to salinity changes at high temperatures. This contradicts the results of Jeon (2002), who found a negative correlation between water temperature and salinity tolerance of abalone, while Shin et al (2011) and Chen and Chen (2000) obtained the same results as we did. There were no deaths at 30→25 psu, and the survival rates were 70% and 50% at 20 and 15 psu, respectively.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Marine organisms respond physiologically to salinity changes in seawater. Environmental changes, including salinity change, cause chemical and physical stress on marine organisms (Holliday et al 1993;Shin et al 2011). Unlike fish, which can move from one place to another with changes in the environment, abalones are gastropods with extremely restricted mobility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Survival rate and oxygen consumption patterns with respect to salinity changes in juvenile abaloneHaliotis discus hannai

Lim

Jeong

Min

et al. 2014

Animal Cells and Systems

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The effects of salinity tolerance on survival and oxygen consumption were examined in the abalone Haliotis discus hannai with changes in water temperature and salinity in an indoor rearing system. The survival rate of the control group at 15°C was 100% (Expt. I, 35 psu). In Expt. II, changing the salinity from 35→30→25→20→15 psu, the survival rates were 100 ± 0.0, 100 ± 0.0, 100 ± 0.0, 98.3 ± 2.9, and 95.0 ± 0.0%, respectively. In Expt. III, for salinities of 35→25→15 psu, the rates were 100 ± 0.0, 100 ± 0.0, and 32.5 ± 2.0%, respectively. In Expt. IV, with a sharp salinity change from 35→15 psu, the rates were 100 ± 0.0 and 20.0 ± 2.9%, respectively. The average oxygen consumption at 15°C was 137.6 ± 0.5 mg O 2 /kg/h in Expt. I. In Expt. II, the oxygen consumption decreased gradually from 136.7 ± 2.0 to 103.2 ± 3.5 to 96.9 ± 3.2 to 88.7 ± 4.5 to 82.9 ± 3.6 mg O 2 /kg/h, respectively. Abalone in Expt. III showed the same tendency (i.e., 134.4 ± 1.5, 111.2 ± 3.4, and 93.2 ± 6.1 mg O 2 /kg/h, respectively). In Expt. IV, the oxygen consumption decreased from 141.4 ± 4.0 mg O 2 /kg/h at 35 psu to 99.0 ± 7.7 mg O 2 /kg/h at 15 psu. The tendency was the same in the experiments conducted at 20 and 25°C. Survival was reduced at salinities below 20 psu, and the mortality rate of abalone increased with a sudden salinity change and at high water temperatures.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival rate and oxygen consumption patterns with respect to salinity changes in juvenile abaloneHaliotis discus hannai

Lim

Jeong

Min

et al. 2014

Animal Cells and Systems

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“…In our study, animals responded to high salinity by increasing their respiration rates and synthesizing new mitochondria, both likely necessary steps to meet the energetic requirements of this acclimation mechanism. Increased respiration rates have also been observed in other osmoconforming invertebrates ranging from mollusks [49] , [50] to echinoderms [51] . Although it is traditionally considered that higher respiration rates are a proxy of energy metabolism, recent studies have shown that it this is not always the case [22] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity stress from the perspective of the energy-redox axis: Lessons from a marine intertidal flatworm

et al. 2016

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In the context of global change, there is an urgent need for researchers in conservation physiology to understand the physiological mechanisms leading to the acquisition of stress acclimation phenotypes. Intertidal organisms continuously cope with drastic changes in their environmental conditions, making them outstanding models for the study of physiological acclimation. As the implementation of such processes usually comes at a high bioenergetic cost, a mitochondrial/oxidative stress approach emerges as the most relevant approach when seeking to analyze whole-animal responses. Here we use the intertidal flatworm Macrostomum lignano to analyze the bioenergetics of salinity acclimation and its consequences in terms of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species formation and physiological response to counteract redox imbalance. Measures of water fluxes and body volume suggest that M. lignano is a hyper-/iso-regulator. Higher salinities were revealed to be the most energetically expensive conditions, with an increase in mitochondrial density accompanied by increased respiration rates. Such modifications came at the price of enhanced superoxide anion production, likely associated with a high caspase 3 upregulation. These animals nevertheless managed to live at high levels of environmental salinity through the upregulation of several mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase. Contrarily, animals at low salinities decreased their respiration rates, reduced their activity and increased nitric oxide formation, suggesting a certain degree of metabolic arrest. A contradictory increase in dichlorofluorescein fluorescence and an upregulation of gluthathione-S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1) expression were observed in these individuals. If animals at low salinity are indeed facing metabolic depression, the return to seawater may result in an oxidative burst. We hypothesize that this increase in GSTP1 could be a “preparation for oxidative stress”, i.e. a mechanism to counteract the production of free radicals upon returning to seawater. The results of the present study shed new light on how tolerant organisms carry out subcellular adaptations to withstand environmental change.

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“…However, most sources indicate that osmoconformers have low energetic requirements when exposed to decreased salinity. As salinity increases, their respiration rates also increase (Bouxin, 1931;Navarro and González, 1998;Sarà et al, 2008;Shin et al, 2011;Widdows, 1985;Yu et al, 2013), probably because of the active production of methylamines, FAA and derivates. These organic osmolytes are used by marine osmoconforming molluscs, polychaetes, crustaceans (Goolish and Burton, 1989) and other marine invertebrates such as sipunculids (Peng et al, 1994;Virkar, 1966) to increase intracellular osmolality.…”

Section: Stenohaline Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmoregulation, bioenergetics and oxidative stress in coastal marine invertebrates: raising the questions for future research

Rivera‐Ingraham

Lignot

2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

151

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Osmoregulation is by no means an energetically cheap process, and its costs have been extensively quantified in terms of respiration and aerobic metabolism. Common products of mitochondrial activity are reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which may cause oxidative stress by degrading key cell components, while playing essential roles in cell homeostasis. Given the delicate equilibrium between pro-and antioxidants in fueling acclimation responses, the need for a thorough understanding of the relationship between salinity-induced oxidative stress and osmoregulation arises as an important issue, especially in the context of global changes and anthropogenic impacts on coastal habitats. This is especially urgent for intertidal/ estuarine organisms, which may be subject to drastic salinity and habitat changes, leading to redox imbalance. How do osmoregulation strategies determine energy expenditure, and how do these processes affect organisms in terms of oxidative stress? What mechanisms are used to cope with salinity-induced oxidative stress? This Commentary aims to highlight the main gaps in our knowledge, covering all levels of organization. From an energy-redox perspective, we discuss the link between environmental salinity changes and physiological responses at different levels of biological organization. Future studies should seek to provide a detailed understanding of the relationship between osmoregulatory strategies and redox metabolism, thereby informing conservation physiologists and allowing them to tackle the new challenges imposed by global climate change.

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Physiological Responses in Abalone Haliotis discus hannai with Different Salinity

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Survival rate and oxygen consumption patterns with respect to salinity changes in juvenile abaloneHaliotis discus hannai

Survival rate and oxygen consumption patterns with respect to salinity changes in juvenile abaloneHaliotis discus hannai

Salinity stress from the perspective of the energy-redox axis: Lessons from a marine intertidal flatworm

Osmoregulation, bioenergetics and oxidative stress in coastal marine invertebrates: raising the questions for future research

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