Physiological Responses and Performance Analysis Difference between Official and Simulated Karate Combat Conditions

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to compare physiological responses and timemotion analysis between official and simulated karate combat. Methods:Ten high-level karatekas participated in this study, which included official and simulated karate combat.Results: Karatekas used more upper-limb attack techniques during official combat compared to simulated ones (6±3 vs 3±1; P=0.05, respectively). For official and simulated karate matches, the numbers of high-intensity actions (i.e. offensive and defensive fighting activity) were 14±6 and 18±5, respectively (P>0.05), lasting from <1s to 5s each. Total fighting activity phase was lower during official compared to simulated matches (21.0±8.2s vs 30.4±9.9s, P<0.01, respectively). Effort (10.0±2.8s) to rest (11.9±2.7s) ratio (E:R) was 1:1 and high-intensity actions (1.6±0.3s) to rest (11.9±2.7s) ratio was higher than 1:7 during simulated combat. During official karate match, the activity and rest duration were 10.0±3.4s and 16.2±4.1s, respectively (E:R ratio 1:1.5), while high-intensity actions were 1.5±0.3s, resulting in an E:R ratio of 1:11. Blood lactate concentration was higher during official (11.14±1.82 mmol.l -1 ) compared to simulated karate combat (7.80±2.66 mmol.l -1 ) (P<0.05). Subjective perceived exertion differed significantly between official and simulated combat (14±2 vs. 12±2; P<0.05, respectively). The majority of karatekas' perceived exertion was higher in the lower limb muscle groups irrespective of the karate combat condition. Conclusion:Official and simulated matches differ considerably, therefore coaches should create new strategies during training sessions to achieve the same effort and pause profile of competitive matches and/or that athletes should be submitted to frequent competitions to adapt themselves to the profile of this event.

Tactical and technical performance analysis of the male 65 kg category at the brazilian shotokan karate championship

“…While there are reports within the literature worldwide, to the authors knowledge there is no such type of research with Brazilian athletes to date. Thus, learning the improvement in both skills and techniques of Karate becomes necessary to comprehend the evolution of the technical/tactical performance in this combat sport Collet et al 11 , being real or simulated competitions the best environment to do so 9,18,22 . Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify the most commonly used tactics and techniques by the winners and losers in the male "up to 65 Kg 1 st KYU" category at the Brazilian Shotokan Karate Championship of 2017.…”

Work-to-rest ratio during three repeated judo struggles separated by short intermissions. A preliminary study

“…During short-lasting karate fight (kumite) total time of effort to total rest ratio express ed in seconds was 10.0s: 11.9s, however, taking into consider only time of the highest intensive actions 1.6s that ratio was consistent lower. Moreover time profile of simulated and official contest were differ, because of lower time of activity during an official match [20]. Interestingly, among male kara kas there were no differences between winners and defeated players [21].…”

Metabolic control in type 1 diabetes patients practicing combat sports: at least two-year follow-up study

“…Whilst it has been reported that any type of competition can increase the risk of metabolic decompensation in T1DM patients (Sigal et al 2013, Murillo et al 2010, Macknight et al 2009, Jimenez et al 2007), combat sports may be especially challenging in these patients. Combat sports are quite unpredictable as far as physiological responses are concerned (Chaabène et al 2014, Bridge et al 2009). The physiological response, including secretion of counterregulatory hormones, may depend on whether the combat is official or simulated, and whether the competitor loses or wins (Chaabène et al 2014, Bridge et al 2009).…”

“…Combat sports are quite unpredictable as far as physiological responses are concerned (Chaabène et al 2014, Bridge et al 2009). The physiological response, including secretion of counterregulatory hormones, may depend on whether the combat is official or simulated, and whether the competitor loses or wins (Chaabène et al 2014, Bridge et al 2009). This is why T1DM patients practicing combat sports require an individual approach that takes the “sociophysiology of combat” into consideration.…”