Physiological Reloading Recovers Histologically Disuse Atrophy of the Articular Cartilage and Bone by Hindlimb Suspension in Rat Knee Joint

Takahashi, I.; Matsuzaki, Taro; Kuroki, Hiroshi; Hoso, Masahiro

doi:10.1177/19476035211063857

Cited by 5 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Bone volume and thickness of the subchondral bone were measured at the tibial medial condyle according to the method of Nagira et al and our previous study. 17,38 This highly reliable method correlates well with microcomputed tomography. Bone volume (%) was defined as follows: (area of the cancellous bone − area of the bone marrow; trabecular bone) / area of cancellous bone × 100.…”

Section: Histomorphometric Analyses Of the Bonementioning

confidence: 79%

“…17 Figure 1 of our previous study shows the schema for histomorphometric analysis. 17 To evaluate the total cartilage thickness, digitized images of the sections stained with toluidine blue were used. Cartilage thickness was defined as the distance between the cartilage surface and the osteochondral junction.…”

Section: Histomorphometric Analyses Of the Articular Cartilagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 The effects of unloading extend to the subchondral bone and bone, causing decreased subchondral bone thickness and bone mass. 17 In clinical practice, disuse atrophy of the articular cartilage frequently can occur as a complication of bed rest associated with treatment. 11 In our previous studies, we clarified two clinically important findings regarding disuse atrophy of the articular cartilage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treadmill Exercise Suppresses Histological Progression of Disuse Atrophy in Articular Cartilage in Rat Knee Joints during Hindlimb Suspension

et al. 2023

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Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the preventive effects of treadmill exercise or physiological loading on disuse atrophy in the rat knee joint cartilage and bone during hindlimb suspension. Design Twenty male rats were divided into 4 experimental groups, including the control, hindlimb suspension, physiological loading, and treadmill walking groups. Histological changes in the articular cartilage and bone of the tibia were histomorphometrically and immunohistochemically evaluated 4 weeks after the intervention. Results Compared with the control group, the hindlimb suspension group showed thinning of cartilage thickness, decreased matrix staining, and decreased proportion of noncalcified layers. Cartilage thinning, decreased matrix staining, and decreased noncalcified layers were suppressed in the treadmill walking group. The physiological loading group exhibited no significant suppression of cartilage thinning or decreased noncalcified layers, but the decreased matrix staining was significantly suppressed. No significant prevention of bone mass loss or changes in subchondral bone thickness were detected after physiological loading or treadmill walking. Conclusion Disuse atrophy of the articular cartilage caused by unloading conditions could be prevented by treadmill walking in rat knee joints.

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Section: Histomorphometric Analyses Of the Bonementioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Histomorphometric Analyses Of the Articular Cartilagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treadmill Exercise Suppresses Histological Progression of Disuse Atrophy in Articular Cartilage in Rat Knee Joints during Hindlimb Suspension

et al. 2023

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“…Decalcified paraffin sections were prepared for histology as described previously 15,16) . The knees were excised frontally to evaluate histological changes in the medial tibiofemoral joints.…”

Section: Participants and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical study on the distribution of telocytes in the knee joint components in a rat osteoarthritis model

2022

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Telocytes are stromal cells that participate in tissue homeostasis. Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative disorder of multiple joint components that causes inflammation; however, the distribution of telocytes in joint components and the impact of osteoarthritis on telocytes is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the distribution of the telocyte in the joint components and determine the effect of osteoarthritis on telocytes. [Participants and Methods] We divided 30 male rats into control and osteoarthritis groups and surgically induced osteoarthritis by destabilizing the medial meniscus. At two and eight weeks after surgery, we evaluated the changes in CD34positive and CD31-negative area sizes in the joint components by immunohistochemistry. [Results] The results showed CD34-positive and CD31-negative areas in the loose connective tissue of the lateral meniscus attachment and the infrapatellar fat pad. However, it was not observed in the cartilage, subchondral bone, cruciate ligament, and meniscus. Moreover, there were no significant differences between the CD34-positive and CD31-negative area sizes in control and osteoarthritis groups at both time points. [Conclusion] CD34-positive and CD31-negative cells are distributed in multiple joint components; however, CD34-positive and CD31-negative areas are not affected by the progression of osteoarthritis. This result provides information on telocytes distribution in the knee joint and the impact of osteoarthritis on these cells.

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“…Cartilage tissue and cells have also been exposed to simulated weightlessness in rotating bioreactors, i.e., the clinostat and the rotating wall vessel (RWV) bioreactor as ground-based models for weightlessness and to produce spheroids, organoids, or tissues with and without scaffolds [ 62 , 63 ]. In rodent research, a common model used to simulate microgravity conditions that also shows intermediate characteristics is hindlimb unloading (HLU) [ 64 , 65 ].…”

Section: Bed Rest and Other Analogue Study Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint Cartilage in Long-Duration Spaceflight

2022

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This review summarizes the current literature available on joint cartilage alterations in long-duration spaceflight. Evidence from spaceflight participants is currently limited to serum biomarker data in only a few astronauts. Findings from analogue model research, such as bed rest studies, as well as data from animal and cell research in real microgravity indicate that unloading and radiation exposure are associated with joint degeneration in terms of cartilage thinning and changes in cartilage composition. It is currently unknown how much the individual cartilage regions in the different joints of the human body will be affected on long-term missions beyond the Low Earth Orbit. Given the fact that, apart from total joint replacement or joint resurfacing, currently no treatment exists for late-stage osteoarthritis, countermeasures might be needed to avoid cartilage damage during long-duration missions. To plan countermeasures, it is important to know if and how joint cartilage and the adjacent structures, such as the subchondral bone, are affected by long-term unloading, reloading, and radiation. The use of countermeasures that put either load and shear, or other stimuli on the joints, shields them from radiation or helps by supporting cartilage physiology, or by removing oxidative stress possibly help to avoid OA in later life following long-duration space missions. There is a high demand for research on the efficacy of such countermeasures to judge their suitability for their implementation in long-duration missions.

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Physiological Reloading Recovers Histologically Disuse Atrophy of the Articular Cartilage and Bone by Hindlimb Suspension in Rat Knee Joint

Cited by 5 publications

References 67 publications

Treadmill Exercise Suppresses Histological Progression of Disuse Atrophy in Articular Cartilage in Rat Knee Joints during Hindlimb Suspension

Treadmill Exercise Suppresses Histological Progression of Disuse Atrophy in Articular Cartilage in Rat Knee Joints during Hindlimb Suspension

Immunohistochemical study on the distribution of telocytes in the knee joint components in a rat osteoarthritis model

Joint Cartilage in Long-Duration Spaceflight

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