Physiological Races and Virulence Diversity of Puccinia graminis pers. f. sp. tritici eriks. &amp; e. Henn. on Wheat in Tigray Region of Ethiopia

Abebe, Teklay; Dawit, Woubit; Woldeab, Getaneh

doi:10.33687/phytopath.002.01.0023

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Studies carried out in Ethiopia showed that most previously identified races such as TTKSK, TKTTF, TTTTF, TRTTF, RRTTF, and others were virulent on most varieties grown in the country [ 38 ]. Accordingly, many field evaluation studies for Pgt response have been carried out in different wheat-growing regions of the country [ 22 , 39 , 40 ]. Most elite breeding lines skewed towards moderate resistance, although some differences were observed between individual genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization and genome-wide association mapping for stem rust resistance in spring bread wheat

et al. 2022

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Background Emerging wheat stem rust races have become a major threat to global wheat production. Finding additional loci responsible for resistance to these races and incorporating them into currently cultivated varieties is the most economic and environmentally sound strategy to combat this problem. Thus, this study was aimed at characterizing the genetic diversity and identifying the genetic loci conferring resistance to the stem rust of wheat. To accomplish this, 245 elite lines introduced from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) were evaluated under natural stem rust pressure in the field at the Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) marker data was retrieved from a 15 K SNP wheat array. A mixed linear model was used to investigate the association between SNP markers and the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) values of the stem rust coefficient of infection (CI). Results Phenotypic analysis revealed that 46% of the lines had a coefficient of infection (CI) in a range of 0 to 19. Genome-wide average values of 0.38, 0.20, and 0.71 were recorded for Nei’s gene diversity, polymorphism information content, and major allele frequency, respectively. A total of 46 marker-trait associations (MTAs) encompassed within eleven quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected on chromosomes 1B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, and 5A for CI. Two major QTLs with –log10 (p) ≥ 4 (EWYP1B.1 and EWYP1B.2) were discovered on chromosome 1B. Conclusions This study identified several novel markers associated with stem rust resistance in wheat with the potential to facilitate durable rust resistance development through marker-assisted selection. It is recommended that the resistant wheat genotypes identified in this study be used in the national wheat breeding programs to improve stem rust resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization and genome-wide association mapping for stem rust resistance in spring bread wheat

et al. 2022

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“…Yield losses in wheat by leaf rust in cultivar trials were also reported in Mississippi, USA [15]. Due to heavy infection of leaf rust, growth and yield parameter of wheat plants are adversely affected [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Estimation of Yield Losses due to Leaf Rust and Late W*®Seeding on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) Variety Seher-06 in District Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan

Yong¹

2017

AIBM

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Wheat is the third important crop in the world and the staple food in Pakistan. Its yield is severely susceptible to a number of factors and diseases such as rust. Leaf rust causes 50% yield loss in fatal epidemic conditions. The experiment was conducted at Wheat Research Institute (WRI) Faisalabad (Pakistan), where 36 plots of wheat variety (Sehr-06) were sown on November 23 rd , 2013 and January 2 nd , 2014, respectively to identify the looses on wheat due to leaf rust and late sowing. Disease data were recorded by COBB's scale. Crop was harvested and threshed by mini thresher. Yield data was recorded in grams. Statistical analysis of data showed that yield losses due to leaf rust were 4.26g/plot and due to late sowing losses were 923.69 g/plot. The predictability of the analysis revealed that losses due to leaf rust alone were very low. There were also other factors like poor germination, weeds, insect attack, weather conditions, agronomic practices and soil fertility that contributed to lowing yield in Faisalabad.

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Survey of Rust and Septoria Leaf Blotch Diseases of Wheat in Central Ethiopia and Virulence Diversity of Stem Rust Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici

Leaf¹

2015

Adv Crop Sci Tech

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Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops in Ethiopia and produced across large area of the country. Production of the crop constrained by several infection diseases including rust and Septoria leaf blotch diseases which are the major bottle neck of wheat production in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to ass distribution, incidence and severity of wheat rusts and Septoria leaf blotch in west and South West Shewa zones and identification of Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici virulences in Ethiopia. The survey was made in 2013 main cropping season (from September to October) following the main roads and accessible routes in each survey district, and stops were made at every 5 km intervals based on vehicles odometers as per wheat fields available. Five stops were made in each wheat field by moving "W" fashion at each stop interval using quadrants and data were collected from each. Race analysis was carried out by inoculating single uredinial isolates on to the 20 differential hosts. The result indicated that, stem, leaf and yellow rust mean incidence value 54.7%, 19.4% and 7.7% were recorded in the surveyed areas, respectively and mean severity value of 7.0%, 9.7% and 5.5% in the same order. Septoria leaf blotch was the most prevalent disease with100%. Mean incidence of 83% and 0.44 disease index of Septoria leaf blotch were recorded. The most widely grown Varieties Digelu and Kakaba showed susceptible reaction to stem and leaf rust whereas Meda wolabu were free both rusts. Variety Kubisa were susceptible to the three rusts (stem, leaf and yellow). Out of 20 isolates, two races namely TTKSK and TKTTF were identified. Race TTKSK was the most frequent with 95%. Stem rust resistance genes Sr36, SrTmp and Sr24 were effective against TTKSK and while, Sr8a, Sr24 and Sr31 were effective against TKTTF (Digelu race). Most of the genes possessed by the differentials were ineffective against one or more of the tested isolates except Sr24. Sr24 which confer resistance against most of the races detected and prevalent in Ethiopia can be used in breeding for resistance to stem rust in the country.

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Physiological Races and Virulence Diversity of Puccinia graminis pers. f. sp. tritici eriks. & e. Henn. on Wheat in Tigray Region of Ethiopia

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Genetic characterization and genome-wide association mapping for stem rust resistance in spring bread wheat

Genetic characterization and genome-wide association mapping for stem rust resistance in spring bread wheat

Estimation of Yield Losses due to Leaf Rust and Late W*®Seeding on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) Variety Seher-06 in District Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan

Survey of Rust and Septoria Leaf Blotch Diseases of Wheat in Central Ethiopia and Virulence Diversity of Stem Rust Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici

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