Physiological properties and classification of strains of Treponema sp. isolated from pigs in poland

Binek, M.; Szynkiewicz, Z.

doi:10.1016/0147-9571(84)90019-5

Cited by 35 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This organism is representative of what was formerly known as the "intermediate types" of B. hyodysenteriae. The pathogenicity of these isolates, now collectively categorized as B. intermedia, has been equivocal in the hands of some researchers; other reports have indicated that these strains are clearly pathogenic but, compared to B. hyodysenteriae, induce a different and milder clinical disease called porcine spirochetal colitis in experimentally infected swine (2,4,8). In the present studies, there was a positive association between the presence of the hlyA betahemolysin gene and pathogenicity in porcine Brachyspira isolates.…”

Section: Fig 1 Chromatogram Of Purified Beta-hemolysinsupporting

confidence: 47%

Cloning of a Beta-Hemolysin Gene ofBrachyspira(Serpulina)hyodysenteriaeand Its Expression inEscherichia coli

et al. 2001

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Brachyspira (Serpulina) hyodysenteriae induces a mucohemorrhagic diarrheal disease in pigs. The production of a beta-hemolysin has been considered a major virulence attribute of this organism. Previous reports have failed to correlate a specific cloned gene sequence with a purified beta-hemolytic protein sequence. Thus, questions still remain concerning the structural gene sequence of the hemolysin. To answer this question unequivocally, the beta-hemolytic toxin was purified from extracts of log-phase spirochetes, and the N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined (K-D-V-V-A-N-Q-L-N-I-S-D-K) and compared with the translated sequences of previously cloned genes, tlyA to tlyC. The lack of homology between tlyA to tlyC translated sequences and the purified beta-hemolytic toxin sequence resulted in the study that is reported here. A degenerate probe was designed based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified beta-hemolysin and used to screen a B. hyodysenteriae genomic library. Three overlapping clones were identified, and one was sequenced to reveal an open reading frame coding for a putative 8.93-kDa polypeptide containing the N-terminal sequence of the purified beta-hemolysin. To distinguish this gene from the tlyA to tlyC genes, it has been designated hlyA. A hemolysis-negative Escherichia coli strains containing hlyA was beta-hemolytic on blood agar media. Also, the hemolytic activity of the recombinant protein had identical protease and lipase sensitivities and electrophoretic mobility to those of native B. hyodysenteriae beta-hemolysin. Based on sequence analysis, the translated protein had a pI of 4.3, an ␣-helical structure, and a phosphopantetheine binding motif. Hybridization analysis of genomic DNA indicated that the hlyA gene was present in B. hyodysenteriae and B. intermedia but was not detected in B. innocens, B. pilosicoli, or B. murdochii under high-stringency conditions. The location of hlyA on the chromosomal map was distinct from the locations of tlyA, tlyB, and tlyC.

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Section: Fig 1 Chromatogram Of Purified Beta-hemolysinsupporting

confidence: 47%

Cloning of a Beta-Hemolysin Gene ofBrachyspira(Serpulina)hyodysenteriaeand Its Expression inEscherichia coli

et al. 2001

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“…Thirty pigs were conventionalized as described above and weaned onto solid food at 4 weeks of age, when they were randomly divided into four groups, 1 (6 pigs), 2 (8 pigs), 3 (8 pigs), and 4 (8 pigs), placed in four separate rooms. At 5 weeks of age, colitis was induced in pigs of groups 3 and 4 by inoculation of lOt" CFU of Y. pseudotuberculosis NCTC 12718 from overnight cultures grown in Luria-Bertani broth at 28°C as described previously (37).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of porcine intestinal spirochetes in gnotobiotic pigs

et al. 1994

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Twelve intestinal spirochete strains of porcine origin were characterized on the basis of their phenotypic properties, by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, and by pathogenicity testing in gnotobiotic pigs. The spirochetes used included two strains of Serpulina hyodysenteriae (B204 and P18A), two strains of Serpulina innocens (B256 and 4/71), one strain from the proposed new genus and species "Anguillina coli" (P43/6/78), and seven non-S. hyodysenteriae strains recently isolated from United Kingdom pig herds with a history of nonspecific diarrhea and typhlocolitis. By multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, five of these were identified as S. innocens, one was identified as an unspecified Serpulina sp., and one was identified as "A. coli." S. hyodysenteriae B204 and P18A, "A. coli" P43/6/78 and 2/7, and three (22/7, P280/1, and 14/5) of the five S. innocens field isolates induced mucoid feces and typhlocolitis in gnotobiotic pigs. None of the other spirochetes produced clinical signs or large intestinal pathology in this model. The "A. coli" strains induced a more watery diarrhea, with lesions present more proximally in the large intestine, than did the other pathogenic spirochetes. S. innocens 22/7 was also tested for pathogenicity in hysterotomy-derived pigs that had previously been artificially colonized with a spirochete-free intestinal flora and shown to be susceptible to swine dysentery. Despite effective colonization, strain 22/7 did not produce any disease, nor was there any exacerbation of large intestinal pathology or clinical signs when pigs with an experimentally induced existing colitis caused by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis were superinfected with strain 22/7. Certain non-S. hyodysenteriae spirochetes are therefore capable of inducing disease in gnotobiotic pigs, but their role as primary or opportunistic pathogens in conventional pigs remains equivocal.

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“…Later the species was transferred to the genus Brachyspira [5]. Data from field studies have suggested that B. intermedia may be a mild enteropathogen of pigs [6-8], but experimental challenge in porcine isolates has failed to produce clinical disease [9-11]. In contrast, an experimental challenge in chickens with B. intermedia isolates caused diarrhea, slow growth, and reduced egg production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete genome sequence of Brachyspira intermedia reveals unique genomic features in Brachyspira species and phage-mediated horizontal gene transfer

2011

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BackgroundBrachyspira spp. colonize the intestines of some mammalian and avian species and show different degrees of enteropathogenicity. Brachyspira intermedia can cause production losses in chickens and strain PWS/AT now becomes the fourth genome to be completed in the genus Brachyspira.Results15 classes of unique and shared genes were analyzed in B. intermedia, B. murdochii, B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli. The largest number of unique genes was found in B. intermedia and B. murdochii. This indicates the presence of larger pan-genomes. In general, hypothetical protein annotations are overrepresented among the unique genes. A 3.2 kb plasmid was found in B. intermedia strain PWS/AT. The plasmid was also present in the B. murdochii strain but not in nine other Brachyspira isolates. Within the Brachyspira genomes, genes had been translocated and also frequently switched between leading and lagging strands, a process that can be followed by different AT-skews in the third positions of synonymous codons. We also found evidence that bacteriophages were being remodeled and genes incorporated into them.ConclusionsThe accessory gene pool shapes species-specific traits. It is also influenced by reductive genome evolution and horizontal gene transfer. Gene-transfer events can cross both species and genus boundaries and bacteriophages appear to play an important role in this process. A mechanism for horizontal gene transfer appears to be gene translocations leading to remodeling of bacteriophages in combination with broad tropism.

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Physiological properties and classification of strains of Treponema sp. isolated from pigs in poland

Cited by 35 publications

References 6 publications

Cloning of a Beta-Hemolysin Gene ofBrachyspira(Serpulina)hyodysenteriaeand Its Expression inEscherichia coli

Cloning of a Beta-Hemolysin Gene ofBrachyspira(Serpulina)hyodysenteriaeand Its Expression inEscherichia coli

Pathogenicity of porcine intestinal spirochetes in gnotobiotic pigs

Complete genome sequence of Brachyspira intermedia reveals unique genomic features in Brachyspira species and phage-mediated horizontal gene transfer

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