Physiological mechanisms through which heat stress compromises reproduction in pigs

Ross, Jason W.; Hale, Benjamin J.; Seibert, J. T.; Adur, Malavika K; Keating, Aileen F.; Baumgard, Lance H.

doi:10.1002/mrd.22859

Cited by 78 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…The use of blind evaluation is very common in other fields of science and aims at reducing tendencies during the determination of effects for a certain treatment (Jadad et al, ). Another important factor is the environment, the relation between the environment and production has been deeply explored in the last few years, and the influence of the environment on the physiology, metabolism and animal behaviour has become evident (Ross et al, ). Thus, environmental factors might interfere with the results of a study, acting as a confounding factor in the determination of the real effects of a certain treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of piglet birth weights: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Moreira

Palencia

Moita

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of litter size and supplementation of functional amino acids on the piglet birth weight variability through of a systematic review and meta‐analysis. PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus and SciELO are the main used databases and were searched in January 2019 by using the following keywords and their combinations: within‐litter birth, weight variability, piglets, litter size, sow, amino acids, gestation, uniformity, CV and/or SD. Of the 64 pre‐selected articles, only articles presenting the coefficients of variation and/or standard deviations according to the litter size and different levels of amino acid supplementation in the sow diets during gestation were selected. The average birth weights of total and live piglets were 43% lower in litters from sows with high prolificacy than those from sows with low prolificacy. The weight variability was affected by high prolificacy sows, with increases of 4.04% and 4.54% in the coefficients of variation of total and born alive piglets respectively (p = .074; p = .009). The standard deviation increased by 180 g in born alive piglets to high prolificacy sows. The coefficients of variation of total and live piglets born from high prolificacy sows showed an increase of 4.04% and 4.54% respectively (p = .07; p < .05). There was a tendency for reduced weight variability with amino acids supplementation when considering the standard deviation of total born (p = .072). However, reproductive performance was not significantly influenced (p > .05). In conclusion, the average litter weight and the number of piglets born influence weight variability. Amino acids supplementation may reduce the birth weight variability between piglets. However, this effect depends on the amino acid used, the levels of supplementation and on other factors not completely addressed in this study. Thus, more research is necessary to fully elucidate this topic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of piglet birth weights: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Moreira

Palencia

Moita

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…Considering the association between early reproductive tract development and greater fecundity in Meishan pigs, we proposed this same concept may be true across individuals in commercially used European breeds as well. In agreeance with the current study, when prepubertal gilts were classified based on VW, improved litter size through P1 was observed in addition to increased inclusion rate into the breeding herd (Romoser et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Previously, we have shown gilts below average for VW at 95-115 d of age have decreased ability to reach puberty by 200 d of age and that gilts below average for vulva size at 15 wk of age can effectively be distinguished in commercial production systems and experience a reduction in reproductive performance (Romoser et al, 2017). The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of subjective visual assessment of prepubertal vulva size within a gilt contemporary group and its effect on subsequent reproductive performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for improving reproductive performance in gilts

Romoser¹

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Statement MRR coordinated data collection, statistical analysis and interpretation, and wrote the manuscript. BJH and JTS contributed to data collection. TG represented TriOak Foods, was primary collaborator and coordinated data collection. LHB, AFK, CJR and JWR advised on experimental design and statistical analysis. JWR served as primary investigator and corresponding author. Formatted for submission to Journal of Animal Science.

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“…Benefiting from the recent advantages in differential gene expression analysis and genetic network construction approaches, in this study we employed a transcriptomic approach to quantify gene expression in blood samples of pigs classified as tolerant or susceptible under HS condition [16]. To investigate the whole-body homeostatic mechanisms under the effects of HS [17], blood could be a good target sample to profile the expression of genes associated with the physiological responses induced underlying HS [18]. Moreover, we performed a gene co-expression network analysis [19], to detect functional modules of genes highly associated with semen quality characteristics in the two groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis identifies genes and co-expression networks underlying heat tolerance in pigs

He¹,

Maltecca²,

Tiezzi³

et al. 2020

BMC Genet

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Background: Heat stress adversely affects pig growth and reproduction performance by reducing feed intake, weight gain, farrowing rate, and litter size. Heat tolerance is an important characteristic in pigs, allowing them to mitigate the negative effects of heat stress on their physiological activities. Yet, genetic variation and signaling pathways associated with the biological processes of heat-tolerant pigs are currently not fully understood. This study examined differentially expressed genes and constructed gene co-expression networks on mRNAs of pigs under different heat-stress conditions using whole transcriptomic RNA-seq analyses. Semen parameters, including total sperm number per ejaculate, motility, normal morphology rate, droplets, and rejected ejaculate rate, were measured weekly on 12 boars for two time periods: thermoneutral (January to May), and heat stress (July to October). Boars were classified into heat-tolerant (n = 6) and heat-susceptible (n = 6) groups based on the variation of their ejaculate parameters across the two periods. RNA was isolated from the blood samples collected from the thermoneutral and heat stress periods for gene expression analysis. Results: Under heat stress, a total of 66 differentially expressed genes (25 down-regulated, 41 up-regulated) were identified in heat-tolerant pigs compared to themselves during the thermoneutral period. A total of 1041 differentially expressed genes (282 down-regulated, 759 up-regulated) were identified in the comparison between heat-tolerant pigs and heat-susceptible pigs under heat stress. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis detected 4 and 7 modules with genes highly associated (r > 0.50, p < 0.05) with semen quality parameters in heattolerant and heat-susceptible pigs under the effects of heat stress, respectively. Conclusion: This study utilized the sensitivity of semen to heat stress to discriminate the heat-tolerance ability of pigs. The gene expression profiles under the thermoneutral and heat stress conditions were documented in heattolerant and heat-susceptible boars. Findings contribute to the understanding of genes and biological mechanisms related to heat stress response in pigs and provide potential biomarkers for future investigations on the reproductive performance of pigs.

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Physiological mechanisms through which heat stress compromises reproduction in pigs

Cited by 78 publications

References 137 publications

Variability of piglet birth weights: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Variability of piglet birth weights: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Strategies for improving reproductive performance in gilts

Transcriptome analysis identifies genes and co-expression networks underlying heat tolerance in pigs

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