Physiological Loading-Induced Interstitial Fluid Dynamics in Osteon of Osteogenesis Imperfecta Bone

Abstract

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI), also known as 'brittle bone disease', is a genetic bone disorder. OI bones experience frequent fractures. It is observed physical activity is equally beneficial in reducing OI bone fractures in both children and adults as mechanical stimulation improves bone mass and strength. Loading-induced mechanical strain and interstitial fluid flow stimulates bone remodeling activities. Several studies have characterized strain environment in OI bones, whereas, a very few studies attempted to characterize the interstitial fluid flow. OI significantly affect bone microarchitecture. Thus, the present study anticipates that canalicular fluid flow reduces in OI bone in comparison to healthy bone in response to physiological loading due to altered poromechanical properties. Hence, this work attempts to understand the canalicular fluid distribution in the single osteon model of OI and healthy bones. A poromechanical model of osteon is developed to compute pore-pressure and interstitial fluid flow as a function of gait loading pattern reported for OI and healthy subjects. Fluid distribution patterns are compared at different time-points of stance phase of the gait cycle. It is observed that fluid flow significantly reduces in OI bone. Additionally, flow is more static than dynamic in OI osteon in comparison to healthy subjects. The present work attempts to identify the plausible explanation behind low mechano-transduction capability of OI bone. This work may further be extended in designing better biomechanical strategies to enhance fluid flow in order to improve osteogenic activities in OI bone.

Physiological loading-induced streaming potentials in osteogenesis imperfecta bone

“…A maximum radial pore pressure of 532 Pa is observed in healthy osteon, whereas, OI osteon experiences a pore-pressure of 137 Pa. Shrivas et al 43 , Wu and Chen 36 and Chen et al 54 also reported a similar decline in pore-pressure when one of the osteon walls were considered impermeable. This validates the analytical computation of pore-pressure done in the present work.…”

“…Pore-pressure significantly reduces in OI osteon as compared to healthy osteon. 15.41 43 13.49 43 M t (GPa) 38.80 43 12.07 43 K l (GPa) 13.53 43 10.15 43 M l (GPa) 37.18 43 7.25 Case II (displacement constraint boundary) also experiences a nonlinear increase in pore pressure from inner osteon wall to outer osteon wall. Nevertheless, the pore-pressure enhance in Case II for both healthy and OI osteons (Figure 3(c) and (d)).Wu and Chen 36 had noticed a similar trend of pore-pressure distribution in a hollow osteon subjected to cyclic sinusoidal loading.…”

“…These results closely align with the literature where reduction in fluid velocity is observed in case of OI osteons. 43…”

Enhanced Osteogenic Properties of Bone Repair Scaffolds through Synergistic Effects of Mechanical and Biochemical Stimulation

“…The fluid was set as blood with a density and viscosity of 1060 kg m −3 and 0.003 kg m −1 s − 1 . [ 25 ] The fluid velocity was 80 μm s −1 at the scaffold inlet, [ 26 ] the walls were set as no‐slip boundaries, and the outlet pressure was set as 0 Pa (Figure 1d). Fluid flow through the cell generated the FSS.…”

Self-healing hydrogels for bone defect repair

“…Many factors affect the ability of bone tissue to regenerate and repair itself. 6 Severe bone defects can be caused by tumor resection, 7,8 severe trauma, 9 infection, 10 congenital malformation, osteogenesis imperfecta, 11 rheumatoid arthritis, 12 and osteoporosis. 13,14 Bone tissue healing involves a complex signaling cascade, as shown in Fig.…”