Physiological Intravascular Hemolysis of Exercise. Hemoglobinemia and Hemoglobinuria Following Cross-Country Runs

Gilligan, D. Rourke; Altschule, Mark D.; Katersky, Evelyn M.

doi:10.1172/jci101460

Cited by 74 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…erythrocytes; cycling; haptoglobin; methemoglobin; iron status EXERCISE-INDUCED HEMOLYSIS has been reported for more than 50 years (11). In particular, distance running has been associated with significant destruction of red blood cells (RBC) with RBC turnover being substantially higher in runners compared with untrained controls (29).…”

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confidence: 99%

Footstrike is the major cause of hemolysis during running

Telford

Sly²,

Hahn

et al. 2003

Journal of Applied Physiology

212

179

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There is a wide body of literature reporting red cell hemolysis as occurring after various forms of exercise. Whereas the trauma associated with footstrike is thought to be the major cause of hemolysis after running, its significance compared with hemolysis that results from other circulatory stresses on the red blood cell has not been thoroughly addressed. To investigate the significance of footstrike, we measured the degree of hemolysis after 1 h of running. To control for the potential effects of oxidative and circulatory stresses on the red blood cell, the same subjects cycled for 1 h at equivalent oxygen uptake. Our subjects were 10 male triathletes, who each completed two separate 1-h sessions of running and cycling at 75% peak oxygen uptake, which were performed in random order 1 wk apart. Plasma free hemoglobin and serum haptoglobin concentrations were measured as indicators of hemolysis. We also measured methemoglobin as a percentage of total hemoglobin immediately postexercise as an indicator of red cell oxidative stress. Plasma free hemoglobin increased after both running ( P < 0.01) and cycling ( P < 0.01), but the increase was fourfold greater after running ( P < 0.01). This was reflected by a significant fall in haptoglobin 1 h after the running trials, whereas no significant changes occurred after cycling at any sample point. Methemoglobin increased twofold after both running and cycling ( P < 0.01), with no significant differences between modes of exercise. The present data indicate that, whereas general circulatory trauma to the red blood cells associated with 1 h of exercise at 75% maximal oxygen uptake may result in some exercise-induced hemolysis, footstrike is the major contributor to hemolysis during running.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Footstrike is the major cause of hemolysis during running

Telford

Sly²,

Hahn

et al. 2003

Journal of Applied Physiology

212

179

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Erythrograms can be useful to diagnose sports anemia, which can impair the athlete's performance (Sottas et al, 2010, Schumacher et al, 2002. Exercise-induced hemolysis has been reported for more than 50 years (Gilligan et al, 1943). This phenomenon is associated with the destruction of red blood cells (RBC), with higher RBC turnovers in runners as compared to non-trained subjects, although it is commonly observed in other modalities (e.g., swimming, weight lifting, rowing) (Telford et al, 2003).…”

Section: Inflammatory Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Applicability of the Reference Interval and Reference Change Value of Hematological and Biochemical Biomarkers to Sport Science

Nunes¹,

Lazarim²,

Brenzikofer³

et al. 2012

An International Perspective on Topics in Sports Medicine and Sports Injury

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“…Exercise in the upright posture and lumbar lordosis tend to develop the march hemoglobinuria (Gilligan et al 1943). In our patient, attacks of hemoglobinuria appeared after walking in upright posture with new shoes on, but no lordosis was seen roentgenographically.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%