Physiological Genetics of Plant Maturity, Adaptation, and Yield

Wallace, Don

doi:10.1002/9781118061008.ch2

Cited by 41 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…em regiões de baixa altitude e temperaturas médias entre 20 e 27 °c, a duração do ciclo do germoplasma cultivado de phaseolus vulgaris varia entre 60 e 90 dias (Wallace, 1985), similar à amplitude de duração do ciclo dos materiais avaliados. o rendimento médio de grãos foi de 205 g m -2 (Quadro 1), considerado adequado para as condições locais.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Variabilidade dos índices de colheita de nutrientes em genótipos de feijoeiro e sua relação com a produção de grãos

Araújo

Teixeira

2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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A identificação de genótipos com elevada acumulação de biomassa e nutrientes, mas com baixo índice de colheita de nutrientes (razão entre conteúdo de nutrientes nos grãos e na parte aérea), pode reduzir a remoção pelas colheitas e aumentar a sustentabilidade agrícola. Evidências de reduzida variabilidade nos índices de colheita em feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) demandam a avaliação de uma ampla gama de genótipos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a variabilidade dos índices de colheita de nutrientes e sua relação com a produção de grãos em genótipos de feijoeiro. Foi conduzido um experimento de campo em Seropédica - RJ, com 64 genótipos de feijoeiro em quatro repetições, incluindo 41 cultivares, 12 linhagens de melhoramento e 10 cultivares locais da região Sul. Os índices de colheita foram mensurados a partir das quantidades acumuladas de biomassa e nutrientes nos grãos, caules e palha de vagens produzidos após trilhagem dos grãos. A média da produção de grãos foi de 205 g m-2, com índices de colheita médios de biomassa, N, P, K, Ca e Mg de 0,62, 0,83, 0,89, 0,58, 0,33 e 0,51 g g-1, respectivamente, denotando intensa translocação de N e P para os grãos, sendo relativamente estreita a variabilidade desses índices. A massa seca de resíduos após trilhagem dos grãos foi em média de 107 g m-2, contendo 2,0, 0,15, 3,6, 2,8 e 1,3 g m-2 de N, P, K, Ca e Mg, respectivamente, o que indica que esses materiais podem restituir quantidades relativamente elevadas de nutrientes em comparação com as demandas do cultivo. Foram obtidas elevadas correlações fenotípicas e genéticas (p < 0,001): positivas entre produção de grãos e índices de colheita de biomassa e N e negativas entre produção e teores de N e P nos grãos. Como as correlações fenotípicas e genéticas entre rendimento e índice de colheita de P foram menos significativas (p < 0,01), foi possível identificar alguns genótipos com baixo índice de colheita de P e bom rendimento. A seleção de genótipos de feijoeiro para maior rendimento de grãos pode resultar em maiores índices de colheita de biomassa e de N, assim como em maiores quantidades de nutrientes nos grãos e menores teores de N e P nos grãos.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Variabilidade dos índices de colheita de nutrientes em genótipos de feijoeiro e sua relação com a produção de grãos

Araújo

Teixeira

2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…Interestingly, Wallace [46] and White and Laing [47] also observed that in the common bean, the balance between the vegetative and reproductive periods is largely determined by the photoperiod sensitivity/ insensitivity, and that landraces that originate from different geographic regions can have different photoperiod requirements, as well as different tolerances to low temperatures. To the best of our knowledge, similar data are not available to date for P. coccineus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

European Phaseolus coccineus L. landraces: Population Structure and Adaptation, as Revealed by cpSSRs and Phenotypic Analyses

et al. 2013

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Relatively few studies have extensively analysed the genetic diversity of the runner bean through molecular markers. Here, we used six chloroplast microsatellites (cpSSRs) to investigate the cytoplasmic diversity of 331 European domesticated accessions of the scarlet runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.), including the botanical varieties albiflorus, bicolor and coccineus, and a sample of 49 domesticated and wild accessions from Mesoamerica. We further explored the pattern of diversity of the European landraces using 12 phenotypic traits on 262 individuals. For 158 European accessions, we studied the relationships between cpSSR polymorphisms and phenotypic traits. Additionally, to gain insights into the role of gene flow and migration, for a subset of 115 accessions, we compared and contrasted the results obtained by cpSSRs and phenotypic traits with those obtained in a previous study with 12 nuclear microsatellites (nuSSRs). Our results suggest that both demographic and selective factors have roles in the shaping of the population genetic structure of the European runner bean. In particular, we infer the existence of a moderate-to-strong cytoplasmic bottleneck that followed the expansion of the crop into Europe, and we deduce multiple domestication events for this species. We also observe an adaptive population differentiation in the phenology across a latitudinal gradient, which suggests that selection led to the diversification of the runner bean in Europe. The botanical varieties albiflorus, bicolor and coccineus, which are based solely on flower colour, cannot be distinguished based on these cpSSRs and nuSSRs, nor according to the 12 quantitative traits.

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“…As a short-day plant (SDP), common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) exhibits delayed flowering when grown in latitudes with longer summer daylengths ( Garner and Allard, 1920 ). In addition, photoperiod is known to affect other vegetative and reproductive traits in common bean, such as stem elongation, branching, leaf morphology, floral architecture, and pod filling ( Wallace, 1985 ). Historical selective pressures favoring improved production in non-favorable daylengths are manifested today as a major genetic differentiation between wild and domesticated common bean, and dramatically reduced photoperiod sensitivity in a proportion of accessions in each of the two major domesticated genepools ( White and Laing, 1989 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temperature is another environmental factor influencing flowering time control in common bean, and is known to interact with photoperiod sensitivity, which increases at higher temperatures. At low latitudes, where the temperatures are relatively stable, responses to photoperiod are strongly responsive to temperature and largely reflect regional differences in altitude ( Wallace, 1985 ; White and Laing, 1989 ). In contrast, germplasm adapted to higher latitudes, where day-to-day variation in temperature is substantial, is in general less sensitive to temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of QTL and Environmental Interactions Controlling Flowering Time in Andean Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

et al. 2021

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Genetic variation for response of flowering time to photoperiod plays an important role in adaptation to environments with different photoperiods, and as consequence is an important contributor to plant productivity and yield. To elucidate the genetic control of flowering time [days to flowering (DTF); growing degree days (GDD)] in common bean, a facultative short-day plant, a quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was performed in a recombinant inbred mapping population derived from a cultivated accession and a photoperiod sensitive landrace, grown in different long-day (LD) and short-day (SD) environments by using a multiple-environment QTL model approach. A total of 37 QTL across 17 chromosome regions and 36 QTL-by-QTL interactions were identified for six traits associated with time to flowering and response to photoperiod. The DTF QTL accounted for 28 and 11% on average of the phenotypic variation in the population across LD and SD environments, respectively. Of these, a genomic region on chromosome 4 harboring the major DTF QTL was associated with both flowering time in LD and photoperiod response traits, controlling more than 60% of phenotypic variance, whereas a major QTL on chromosome 9 explained up to 32% of flowering time phenotypic variation in SD. Different epistatic interactions were found in LD and SD environments, and the presence of significant QTL × environment (QE) and epistasis × environment interactions implies that flowering time control may rely on different genes and genetic pathways under inductive and non-inductive conditions. Here, we report the identification of a novel major locus controlling photoperiod sensitivity on chromosome 4, which might interact with other loci for controlling common bean flowering time and photoperiod response. Our results have also demonstrated the importance of these interactions for flowering time control in common bean, and point to the likely complexity of flowering time pathways. This knowledge will help to identify and develop opportunities for adaptation and breeding of this legume crop.

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Physiological Genetics of Plant Maturity, Adaptation, and Yield

Cited by 41 publications

References 102 publications

Variabilidade dos índices de colheita de nutrientes em genótipos de feijoeiro e sua relação com a produção de grãos

Variabilidade dos índices de colheita de nutrientes em genótipos de feijoeiro e sua relação com a produção de grãos

European Phaseolus coccineus L. landraces: Population Structure and Adaptation, as Revealed by cpSSRs and Phenotypic Analyses

Characterization of QTL and Environmental Interactions Controlling Flowering Time in Andean Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

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