Physiological function and molecular composition of ATP-sensitive K⁺ channels in human gastric smooth muscle

Abstract

Gastric motility is controlled by slow waves. In general, the activation of the ATP-sensitive K + (K ATP ) channels in the smooth muscle opposes the membrane excitability and produces relaxation. Since metabolic inhibition and/or diabetes mellitus are accompanied by dysfunctions of gastric smooth muscle, we examined the possible roles of K ATP channels in human gastric motility. We used human gastric corpus and antrum smooth muscle preparations and recorded the mechanical activities with a conventional contractile measur-

Vasomotion in human arteries and their regulations based on ion channel regulations: 10 years study

“…Among several K + channels in vessels, K ATP channel are well known as one of several energy‐dependent regulators (Nelson et al, 1990). K ATP channels, which respond to metabolic changes, were first characterized in cardiac myocytes and then GI tract too (Lee et al, 2020). At the molecular level, K ATP channels are composed of two subunits: the K + ‐permeable pore‐forming subunits that includes the Kir6.1 or Kir6.2 subunits, and the sulfonylurea receptors, such as SUR1 or SUR2, which are drug‐sensitive binding structures.…”

“…There are several types of K ATP channels throughout the body and these can be distinguished by differences. Recently, it was reported that Kir 6.2 channel and SUR2B subunits are expressed in human gastric smooth muscle (Lee et al, 2020). However, K ATP channels in HLGA and HUA were identified as combinations of Kir 6.1 and Kir 6.2 channels and SUR2B subunits (Figures 5f and 7l).…”

“…Written informed consent was obtained from all patients who donated their gastric tissue. Human gastric tissues from the greater curvature (tissue samples from corpus and/or antrum) were obtained from patients who underwent gastrectomies for 10 years from 2011 to 2020 (Lee et al, 2020; Park et al, 2007). Specimens of macroscopically normal tissue in the neoplastic areas were removed immediately after the surgical resection of the stomach and uterus.…”

“…The experimental protocol for using human stomach tissue was (Lee et al, 2020;Park et al, 2007). Specimens of macroscopically normal tissue in the neoplastic areas were removed immediately after the surgical resection of the stomach and uterus.…”

Organization and morphology of calcitonin gene‐related peptide‐immunoreactive axons in the whole mouse stomach

“…In the GI tract, CGRP participates in the regulation of gastric blood flow, specifically as a strong vasodilator (Holzer & Guth, 1991; Kee et al., 2018; Peskar et al., 2002). In addition to its vasodilation function, CGRP can induce muscle relaxation in rodent and human gastric smooth muscle (Katsoulis & Conlon, 1989; Lee et al., 2020). Furthermore, the release of CGRP in the GI tract activates protective mechanisms that are important for a number of GI diseases, including gastritis, gastroenteritis, and gastroparesis (Eysselein et al., 1992; Godlewski & Kaleczyc, 2010; Luo et al., 2013).…”