Physiological effects of γ-linolenic acid and sesamin on hepatic fatty acid synthesis and oxidation

Ishii, Takashi; Iwase, Haruka; Amano, Saaya; Sunahara, Saki; Tachihara, Ayuka; Yagi, Minako; Watanabe, Tsuyoshi

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.12.001

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Herein, this study demonstrated the decrease of fatty acid β-oxidation and lipogenesis levels in PA-treated AML-12. Similar to these results, a previous study reported low protein expression levels of CPT1α and phosphorylated ACC, which participate in regulating β-oxidation and lipogenesis and increasing the contents of lipid droplets, TG, and TC in PA-treated HepG2; likewise low phosphorylated ACC and CPT1α levels were markedly noted in PA-treated rat myoblasts. , In contrast, GLA could increase the fatty acid β-oxidation level, where it can upregulate the mRNA expressions and activities of various enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation. , Dietary supplement of fungal oil rich in GLA increased the liver peroxisomal β-oxidation rate and CPT1α activity, reducing body fat mass in rats . Dietary GLA decreased white adipose tissue weight, while increasing the uncoupling protein 1 mRNA expression level in brown adipose tissue, which contributed to the decrease of body fat accumulation by increasing β-oxidation in mitochondria .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Different fatty acids play distinct roles in lipid metabolism; thus the fatty acid composition of diets can dominate lipid metabolites in hepatocytes. Palmitic acid (PA), the main saturated fatty acid in diet and serum, can lead to hepatic lipid metabolism disorder and has been widely used in lipotoxicity research as a practical model for NAFLD while γ-linolenic acid (GLA) is an n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-6 PUFA) that plays important roles in antitumor and reducing fat deposition. , Fed GLA-rich oil could decrease cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) contents in serum and enhance activities of enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation, preventing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and reducing the deposition of hepatic lipids . In the same context, GLA could prevent conjugated linoleic acid-induced fatty liver in mice .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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γ-Linolenic Acid Prevents Lipid Metabolism Disorder in Palmitic Acid-Treated Alpha Mouse Liver-12 Cells by Balancing Autophagy and Apoptosis via the LKB1-AMPK-mTOR Pathway

Liang

Zhang

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Excessive fat deposition is the main character in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), while γ-linolenic acid (GLA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that can reduce lipid deposition. This study investigated the effect and regulatory mechanism of GLA (100 μM) on lipid metabolism in alpha mouse liver 12 (AML-12) cells treated by 400 μM palmitic acid (PA). GLA reduced lipid content and increased fatty acid β oxidation, as indicated by decreasing triglyceride and cholesterol contents and increasing mRNA and protein expressions of CPT1α and PPARα. GLA relieved oxidative stress caused by PA, upregulated mRNA levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and decreased reactive oxygen species content. GLA reduced apoptosis, as indicated by decreases in the BAX/BCL2 expression level and apoptosis percentage. GLA activated autophagy, autophagosome-lysosome fusion, and LKB1-AMPK-mTOR signaling and upregulated mRNA and protein expressions of Beclin-1, autophagy-related 5, and liver kinase B1 (LKB1). These effects of GLA on lipid metabolism disorders of PA-treated hepatocytes were reversed by autophagy inhibitor 3MA and AMPK inhibitor compound C, confirming our conclusions. Overall, GLA can protect AML-12 cells from lipid metabolism disorder caused by PA via balancing autophagy and apoptosis mediated by the LKB1-AMPK-mTOR pathway. Consequently, GLA, as a dietary supplement, can help to prevent and treat NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism and autophagy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

γ-Linolenic Acid Prevents Lipid Metabolism Disorder in Palmitic Acid-Treated Alpha Mouse Liver-12 Cells by Balancing Autophagy and Apoptosis via the LKB1-AMPK-mTOR Pathway

Liang

Zhang

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Our results showed that EPO decreased liver enzymes This was also established by Rezapour-Firouzi et al; stated that EPO has improved effects on the activity of liver enzymes in Multiple Sclerosis patients [44]. GLA could reduce various lipogenic enzyme activities, increased the activity and mRNA levels of various fatty acid oxidation enzymes [45]. We found that EVOO enhanced AST activity more than EPO.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

The Enhanced Beneficial Effect of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Over Evening Primrose Oil on Oxidative Stress, and Liver Function in Male Arthritic Rats

Kandeil

Ebrahim

Mahmoud

2021

JPRI

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Aims: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by the onset of oxidative stress. This study aimed to evaluate the enhancing of extra virgin olive (EVOO) and Evening primrose oil (EPO) on oxidative stress and liver enzymes in male Wistar rats and compare between them. Place and Duration: Faculty of Science biochemistry department, Between July 2018 and August 2018. Methodology: A Subcutaneous injection of 200 µl of Freund's complete adjuvant into a footpad of the right hind leg of Wistar male rats at two consecutive days induced RA. Rats received EVOO and EPO daily by oral gavage needle with gauge 18 at doses of 5 mg/kg b.wt./day. for 10 and 21 days. No loss was recorded in the experimental rats. Results: A significant depletion in serum Reduced glutathione content (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione s transferase activities (GST) in arthritic rats compared to normal rats after 10 and 21 days of induction which improved significantly after 10 and 21 days of EPO and EVOO treatments. EPO and EVOO treatments for 21 days increased the GSH and GPX compared to 10 days treatments while no difference in GST activity. EVOO treatment improved GSH and GPX after 10 and 21 days than EPO treatment. The elevated uric acid levels in arthritic rats were markedly ameliorated as a result of EVOO and EPO treatment administration. Increased lipid peroxidation products (MDA), rheumatoid factor, and liver enzyme (Alanine transaminase ALT and Aspartate transaminase AST) were recorded in arthritic rats and they significantly progressed after EPO and EVOO treatments for 10 and 21 days but EVOO had the best effect at 21 days. Conclusion: EVOO and EPO showed significant antioxidant efficacies and improved affected liver enzymes due to rheumatoid arthritis onset. When comparing olive oil has more antioxidant properties than evening primrose oil, so we recommend more studies on olive oil combination with anti-arthritic medications to improve their efficacies with less toxicity.

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“…In our study, total lipids in blood samples were affected by the experimental diet of broilers. Ide et al [47] observed the effects of safflower oil rich in linoleic acid, palm oil rich in saturated acids, and oil of evening primrose origin, containing 43% of GLA, on biochemical parameters in blood serum of rats. The authors noted that oil with GLA content contributed to a significant decrease in serum concentration of triacylglycerols, cholesterol and phospholipids in comparison to palm or safflower oil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Solid-State Fermented Wheat Bran Supplemented with Agrimony Extract on Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens

Semjon

Bartkovský

Marcinčáková

et al. 2020

Animals

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The impact of the broiler diet modification on the following parameters was evaluated: meat quality, carcass traits, and bone and blood parameters. One hundred twenty one-day-old COBB 500 broiler chickens were assigned to three experimental groups (40 birds per group) with four replications (10 per pen) for 35 days of fattening. The control (C) was fed a basic feed mixture. The diet supplemented with 10% of fermented feed (FF10) and additionally supported by 0.2% of agrimony extract (FF10 + AE) was applied to the second and third groups, respectively. FF10 showed both a lower average daily feed intake and total feed consumption when compared to that of C (p < 0.05). Lower concentration of alkaline-phosphatase and calcium and higher total lipids and triglycerides in blood were observed in FF10 + AE. Breast and thigh meat showed a lower content of polyunsaturated fatty acid n-3 and n-6 in the FF10 + AE group (p < 0.01). The increase of gamma-linolenic acid content in breast and thigh meat samples obtained from the experimental groups was significant (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05; respectively). Lower lipid oxidation was observed in the thigh muscle of the FF10 + AE group on the first day of storage (p < 0.01). The current study indicates that FF10 + AE supplementation can be successfully applied to enhance broiler performance and meat quality.

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Physiological effects of γ-linolenic acid and sesamin on hepatic fatty acid synthesis and oxidation

Cited by 17 publications

References 47 publications

γ-Linolenic Acid Prevents Lipid Metabolism Disorder in Palmitic Acid-Treated Alpha Mouse Liver-12 Cells by Balancing Autophagy and Apoptosis via the LKB1-AMPK-mTOR Pathway

γ-Linolenic Acid Prevents Lipid Metabolism Disorder in Palmitic Acid-Treated Alpha Mouse Liver-12 Cells by Balancing Autophagy and Apoptosis via the LKB1-AMPK-mTOR Pathway

The Enhanced Beneficial Effect of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Over Evening Primrose Oil on Oxidative Stress, and Liver Function in Male Arthritic Rats

Effect of Solid-State Fermented Wheat Bran Supplemented with Agrimony Extract on Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens

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