Physiological effects of inulin in germ-free rats and in heteroxenic rats inoculated with a human flora

Andrieux, C.P.; Lory, Sandrine; Dufour-Lescoat, C.; Baynast, R. De; Szylit, Odette

doi:10.1016/s0268-005x(09)80287-7

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Oligofructose and inulin have been shown to lower plasma cholesterol in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice 14 . However, the effects were not evident in germ-free rats inoculated with human fecal microflora nor in obese Zucker rats 15,16 . While in healthy humans cholesterol levels remained unchanged with inulin consumption, dyslipidemic patients consuming inulin for a longer duration had lower cholesterol levels 17–20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effect of the prebiotic fiber inulin on cholesterol metabolism in wildtype mice

Mistry

Schols

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Dietary non-digestible carbohydrates are perceived to improve health via gut microbiota-dependent generation of products such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). In addition, SCFA are also precursors for lipid and cholesterol synthesis potentially resulting in unwanted effects on lipid metabolism. Inulin is a widely used model prebiotic dietary fiber. Inconsistent reports on the effects of inulin on cholesterol homeostasis have emerged in humans and preclinical models. To clarify this issue, the present study aimed to provide an in-depth characterization of the effects of short-chain (sc)- and long-chain (lc)- inulin on cholesterol synthesis, absorption and elimination in mice. Feeding wildtype C57BL/6J mice diets supplemented with 10% (w/w) of either sc- or lc-inulin for two weeks resulted in approximately 2.5-fold higher fecal SCFA levels (P < 0.01) compared with controls, but had no significant effects on plasma and liver lipids. Subtle shifts in fecal and plasma bile acid species were detected with beta-muricholic acid increasing significantly in plasma of the inulin fed groups (1.7-fold, P < 0.05). However, neither sc-inulin nor lc-inulin affected intestinal cholesterol absorption, mass fecal cholesterol excretion or trans-intestinal cholesterol excretion (TICE). Combined, our data demonstrate that sc- and lc-inulin have no adverse effects on cholesterol metabolism in mice despite increased generation of SCFA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effect of the prebiotic fiber inulin on cholesterol metabolism in wildtype mice

Mistry

Schols

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…In the rats fed the SMM diet, the production of SCFA was lower, but the specific increase of the long-chain SCFAs (valerate and caproate) and the isoacids (isobutyrate, isovalerate, and isocaproate) reflects a higher proteolytic activity of bacteria [10,33]. Other SCFAs such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate are the result of the carbohydrate fermentation [34,35]. In the SMM diet, only butyrate was decreased, in accordance with the lower level of carbohydrate in this diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Effects of a Pea Protein Isolate in Gnotobiotic Rats: Comparison with a Soybean Isolate and Meat

Lhoste

Mouzon²,

Andrieux³

et al. 1998

Ann Nutr Metab

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Pea proteins have been considered for the introduction into the human diet only recently. This protein source was tested on nutritional and digestive parameters in heteroxenic male Fischer rats inoculated with a human faecal microflora from a methane producer. Compared to soybean proteins, pea proteins have similar effects on the rat’s endogenous and bacterial digestive patterns. Compared to the pea proteins, a diet containing a standard meat meal enhanced the pH and the production of ammonia, while a lyophilized beef meat enhanced that of urea. The diet containing the standard meat decreases short-chain fatty acids and modifies the ratio of caecal short-chain fatty acids. Both animal diets decreased the specific activities of pancreatic proteases such as chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1), trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4), and carboxypeptidase A (EC 3.4.17.1) when compared to the diet containing the pea isolate. In conclusion, the whole composition of the diet, more than the origin of the dietary protein, influences the rat’s digestive pattern.

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“…inclusion of cooked starch and animal fats [45], increase of fat content and reduction of calcium concentration [46,47], increase of protein content and manipulation of anion and cation proportions to promote latent metabolic acidosis [48]. most investigations used conventional rats fed a standard chow or a semipurified diet, sometimes formulated to mimic Western human type diet characteristics, e.g.…”

Section: Inulin-type Fructansmentioning

confidence: 99%