Physiological effects of henna aqueous extract on growth, yield, active constituent and anatomical structure of roselle (<em>Hibiscus sabdariffa</em> L.) plant

Abstract

This research was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department in El-Kanater El-Khairia, during the two successive seasons 2019 and 2020. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of spraying roselle plants with henna aqueous extract at concentrations (10, 20, 30 and 40 g/l) on growth, yield, calyces quality (anthocyanin content and acidity %) and anatomical structure. In general, the results indicated that all doses of the henna aqueous extract significantly increased the growth, yield and calyces quality as compared with control in the two seasons. This increment was parallel to the gradual increase in the dose of henna aqueous extract from 0 up to 30 g/l. In stem anatomical studies, henna extract at 30 g/l also recorded the highest results for all characters. The anatomical structure of the leaf followed approximately the same direction in the stem.