Physiological dose of lycopene suppressed oxidative stress and enhanced serum levels of immunoglobulin M in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: A possible role in the prevention of long-term complications

Neyestani, Tirang R.; Shariátzadeh, Nastaran; Gharavi, Abdolsamad; Kalayi, Ali; Khalaji, Niloufar

doi:10.1007/bf03349224

Cited by 70 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This stimulation of lycopene on IgG production has been observed in other studies, like that carried out by Luo and Wu (2011), showing that lycopene can increase blood levels of IgA, IgG and IgM, improving the immunity of rats with cancer. Similarly, Neyestani et al (2007) observed that dietary supplementation of lycopene stimulates the formation of specific antibodies, mainly IgG isotype, reporting that lycopene is not only a common immune enhancer, because it provides an specific immune stimulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Lycopene affects the immune responses of finishing pigs

Fachinello

Fernandes

Souto

et al. 2017

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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The objective of this study was to evaluate dietary lycopene levels on the immune responses of finishing pigs. Forty barrows and 40 gilts, averaging 75.04 ± 1.6 kg of initial weight, were allotted in a randomised blocks design arranged in a 2 Â 5 factorial scheme, consisting of two sexes (males and females) and five lycopene levels (0, 12.5, 25.0, 37.5, 50.0 mg/kg of diet). The studied parameters were submitted to the statistical analysis adopting 5% significance. Increasing lycopene in pig diets increased the plasma albumin (p ¼ .023). There was no interaction (p > .05) between sex and lycopene on the leukocyte profile or haematocrit concentration. As lycopene levels increased in the diet, the lymphocyte concentration increased linearly (p ¼ .045). The neutrophil concentration and the neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio were affected (p < .05) by dietary lycopene levels, showing a lower neutrophils concentration at 17.49 mg lycopene/kg of diet, and the lowest neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio was observed at 16.46 mg/kg. Eosinophils were also affected (p ¼ .050) by lycopene supplementation, estimating the greater response by adding 22.69 mg lycopene/kg of diet. There was an interaction (p ¼ .011) between the blood collection period and lycopene levels for anti-BSA IgG, resulting in higher production of anti-BSA IgG with the supplementation of up to 20.06 mg of lycopene/kg of diet. Dietary lycopene supplementation for finishing pigs affected the cellular and humoral immune response, and the highest anti-BSA IgG production was achieved by supplementing 20.06 mg lycopene/kg of diet. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Lycopene affects the immune responses of finishing pigs

Fachinello

Fernandes

Souto

et al. 2017

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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“…In contrast, b-carotene bioavailability is maintained with age, as is the intestinal conversion of PVA carotenoids to vitamin A. Recently, a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial found a physiological dose of lycopene for 2 months suppressed oxidative stress and enhanced innate immunity in individuals with type 2 diabetes (24) . We also observed an association between retinopathy and plasma PVA carotenoid concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma carotenoids and diabetic retinopathy

et al. 2008

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Diabetic retinopathy increases with duration of diabetes and may be associated with carotenoid status. Carotenoids alter the pro-oxidation/antioxidation balance, and circulating levels depend largely on dietary intake. Lower levels have been reported in diabetes and age-related macular degeneration; however, little is known of the relationship between carotenoids and diabetic complications. Consequently, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between plasma carotenoids and diabetic retinopathy. We assessed the carotenoid -retinopathy relationship in 111 individuals with type 2 diabetes in a community-based, cross-sectional study. We photodocumented retinal status and used HPLC to measure plasma carotenoid concentrations. Data for clinical and demographic variables and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy were obtained from 24 h urine and fasting blood samples, and an interviewer-assisted lifestyle questionnaire. We found that the combined lycopene and lutein/zeaxanthin (non-pro-vitamin A (non-PVA) carotenoid) concentration when compared with the pro-vitamin A (PVA) carotenoids (a-carotene, b-carotene and b-cryptoxanthin) was significantly lower in the retinopathy than non-retinopathy group (OR 1·2 (95 % CI 1·0, 1·4) v. 1·6 (95 % CI 1·4, 1·7), respectively; P¼0·009). A higher non-PVA:PVA ratio also predicted a lower risk of diabetic retinopathy, after adjustment for potential confounders (OR 0·33 (95 % CI 0·12, 0·95); P¼0·039). Finally, a higher concentration of PVA carotenoids was associated with greater odds of diabetic retinopathy, after adjustment for risk factors (P¼ 0·049). We suggest synergies between carotenoids are implicated in diabetic retinopathy, independent of established risk factors. Importantly, our observations indicate dietary modulation of retinopathy risk may be possible by increasing intakes of lutein-and lycopene-rich foods. Carotenoids: Diabetic retinopathy: Pro-vitamin ACarotenoids demonstrate a vast array of biological activities, including vital roles in the eye, both functionally as precursors to retinol in the visual pathway (pro-vitamin A (PVA) carotenoids) and structurally as macular pigments. The major PVA carotenoids in plasma are a-carotene, b-carotene and b-cryptoxanthin. Of these, only b-carotene is found in ocular tissues (1) .In contrast, lutein/zeaxanthin and lycopene are the major non-PVA carotenoids, i.e. are not retinol precursors, and both are present in ocular tissues at high concentrations. Lutein and zeaxanthin comprise the macular pigments, essential for normal vision and for the protection of photoreceptors from phototoxic blue light, while lycopene is present in high concentrations in the human ciliary body and retinal pigment epithelium/choroid (2) .Plasma carotenoid concentrations have been linked to numerous conditions (3 -6) including the major blinding conditions -age-related macular degeneration (7,8) and cataracts (9) . To date, the relationship between the major carotenoids and diabetic retinopathy has not been evaluated (Table ...

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“…In conclusion, because lycopene, an antioxidant substance in the carotenoid family of compounds, can mitigate/abrogate oxidative stress (see most recent of > 200 papers on subject, i.e., Attesahin et al, 2007;Bose and Agrawal, 2007;Neyestani et al, 2007)-including that induced by mercury (Augusti et al, 2007)-it is likely that this effect is an important factor in the keratinocytes' renewed ability to establish GJIC and undergo inducible cytokine formation that had been reduced by mercury. Further studies by our research group will better clarify the mechanisms by which lycopene had the effects shown here and determine if these can be replicated with other known toxicants, particularly carcinogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%