Physiological consequences of the induction of auto-immunity to adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)

Wynn, PC; Shahneh, Ahmad Zare; Rigby, Rdg; Behrendt, R.; Giles, L. R.; Gooden, J. M.; Jones, Mark R.

doi:10.1016/0301-6226(95)00027-i

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Our previous studies, in which we found a strong correlation between high stocking density and adverse air quality in a commercial hog production facility with increased cortisol status (Lee et al, 2005), were conducted under much more adverse environmental conditions. The anti-ACTH antibody titers reported here are an order of magnitude less than those achieved with the same antigen-adjuvant system in sheep, in which production responses were observed (Wynn et al, 1994(Wynn et al, , 1995. In the current study, there might have been insufficiently high ACTH-specific antibody titers to exert any changes in growth.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…immunosuppression, has the potential to improve production efficiency in commercial hog production facilities. Active immunization against ACTH in sheep chronically suppressed stress-induced cortisol release and resulted in improvements in carcass composition, increased wool growth, and improved humoral immunity (Wynn et al, 1994(Wynn et al, , 1995. Moreover, active immunization also increased concentrations of β-endorphin, which was associated with decreased fearfulness in grazing sheep (Behrendt et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of active immunization against adrenocorticotropic hormone on cortisol, β-endorphin, vocalization, and growth in pigs1

Lee

Giles

Bryden

et al. 2005

Journal of Animal Science

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Because the poor growth performance of intensively housed pigs is associated with increased circulating glucocorticoid concentrations, we investigated the effects of glucocorticoid suppression by inducing a humoral immune response to ACTH on physiological and production variables in growing pigs. Grower pigs (28.6 +/- 0.9 kg) were immunized with amino acids 1 through 24 of ACTH conjugated to ovalbumin and suspended in diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) dextran-adjuvant or adjuvant alone (control) on d 1, 28, and 56. The ACTH-specific antibody titers generated suppressed increases in cortisol concentrations on d 63 in response to an acute stressor (P = 0.002; control = 71 +/- 8.2 ng/mL; ACTH-immune = 43 +/- 4.9 ng/mL) without altering basal concentrations. Plasma beta-endorphin concentrations were also increased (P < 0.001) on d 63 (control = 18 +/- 2.1 ng/mL; ACTH-immune = 63 +/- 7.3 ng/mL), presumably because of a release from negative feedback on the expression of proopiomelanocortin in pituitary corticotropes. Immunization against ACTH did not alter ADG (P = 0.120; control = 1,077 +/- 25; ACTH-immune = 1,143 +/- 25 g) or ADFI (P = 0.64; control = 2,719 +/- 42; ACTH-immune = 2,749 +/- 42 g) and did not modify behavior (P = 0.681) assessed by measuring vocalization in response to acute restraint. In summary, suppression of stress-induced cortisol responses through ACTH immunization increased beta-endorphin concentrations, but it did not modify ADG, ADFI, or restraint vocalization score in growing pigs.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of active immunization against adrenocorticotropic hormone on cortisol, β-endorphin, vocalization, and growth in pigs1

Lee

Giles

Bryden

et al. 2005

Journal of Animal Science

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“…A number of strategies have been attempted to invoke antibodies against adrenocorticotrophic hormone or cortisol. The underlying theory of this strategy is that antibodies could be used to neutralize these elements and reduce the effects of stress in animal models (115)(116)(117).…”

Section: Examples Of Functional Inhibitors Of Physiological Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies as molecular mimics of biomolecules: roles in understanding physiological functions and mechanisms

Hill

Flint

Pell

2008

Advances in Physiology Education

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Physiologists have routinely used understanding of the immune system to generate antibodies against regulatory molecules, growth factors, plasma membrane receptors, and other mammalian molecules in the development of analytical tools and assays. In taking this notion further, antibodies have been used in vivo to modulate physiological systems and to improve our understanding of their molecular interactions. To develop antibodies with physiological activity (efficacy), physiologists have worked with immunologists in developing interdisciplinary insights, requiring basic knowledge of immune system function in designing strategies to generate antibodies that interact with endogenous molecules of physiological interest, in vivo. Antibodies in different physiological systems have been shown to enhance or inhibit endogenous molecular functions. Two approaches have been used: passive and active immunization. Antibodies in these contexts have provided tools to develop further insights into molecular physiological mechanisms. Perhaps surprisingly, enhancing antibodies have been developed against a diverse set of target molecules including several members of the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-I axes and those of the beta(2)-adrenoceptor axis. Antibodies that inhibit the actions of somatostatin have also been developed. A further novel approach has been the development of antibodies that interact with adipose cells in vivo. These have the potential to be used in therapeutic antiobesity approaches. Antibodies with efficacy in vivo have provided new insights into molecular physiological mechanisms, enhancing our understanding of these complex processes.

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Biological Conservation and Stress

Hofer

East

1998

Advances in the Study of Behavior

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Physiological consequences of the induction of auto-immunity to adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

The effect of active immunization against adrenocorticotropic hormone on cortisol, β-endorphin, vocalization, and growth in pigs1

The effect of active immunization against adrenocorticotropic hormone on cortisol, β-endorphin, vocalization, and growth in pigs1

Antibodies as molecular mimics of biomolecules: roles in understanding physiological functions and mechanisms

Biological Conservation and Stress

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