Physiological changes observed in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) with nephrocalcinosis

Klykken, Christine; Reed, Anne Katrine; Dalum, Alf Seljenes; Olsen, Rolf Erik; Moe, Morten K.; Attramadal, Kari J.K.; Boissonnot, Lauris

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738104

Cited by 11 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Histological examination of Atlantic salmon kidneys with severe NC revealed, extensive tissue damage similar to earlier observations (Harrison & Richards, 1979; Hicks et al, 1984; Klykken et al, 2022; Saraiva et al, 2016). The effects included changes in the glomeruli with dilatation of the glomerular space, fibrosis and thickening of the parietal layer of the Bowman's capsule and varying degree of per‐glomerular fibrosis and glomerulitis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…We are aware that this is a scientific element of uncertainty in the study, as we cannot know to which level the different environments may have affected the gene expression patterns in the two groups. Despite this, we consider the Histological examination of Atlantic salmon kidneys with severe NC revealed, extensive tissue damage similar to earlier observations (Harrison & Richards, 1979;Hicks et al, 1984;Klykken et al, 2022;Saraiva et al, 2016). The effects included changes in the glomeruli with dilatation of the glomerular space, fibrosis and thickening of the parietal layer of the Bowman's capsule and varying degree of perglomerular fibrosis and glomerulitis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…From a previous study with 420 farmed Atlantic salmon, which were analysed for nephrocalcinosis (Klykken et al, 2022), 16 were chosen according to the criteria of being either healthy (Ctrl, N = 8) or severely affected by nephrocalcinosis (NC, N = 8). The fish were smolts of similar sizes with no other pathological findings.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The histopathological diagnosis of nephrocalcinosis was defined as the presence of amorphous (structureless), basophilic deposits in tubules, collecting ducts and excretory ducts. The severity of deposits and tissue damage was evaluated according to the score given in Klykken et al (2022) (Table 1). Total nephrocalcinosis score is calculated as:

\sum_{n = 1}^{4} C_{n} goodbreak\times S_{C_{n}}

Where C is the category, S is the severity and n is the category number.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Renal calcification may occur at molecular, microscopic or macroscopic levels in the kidney, such as tubular cells, interstitial tissue or within the tubular lumen that may lead to progressive amounts of renal damages (Sayer et al, 2004). In a previous study, we found that the renal deposits in Atlantic salmon mainly consisted of amorphous carbonate apatite (amCAP), a calcium‐dominated mineral (Klykken et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gene expression patterns in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) with severe nephrocalcinosis

Klykken

Boissonnot²,

Reed

et al. 2022

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Nephrocalcinosis is a common disorder in farmed Atlantic salmon, but the consequences for the fish physiology are not well understood. We performed a transcriptome study in kidneys of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts without and with severe chronic nephrocalcinosis (NC). The study revealed that numerous genes are differentially expressed in fish with NC compared with healthy salmon. The most evident changes in gene expression patterns in the NC group were a massive downregulation of metabolism and energy production, upregulation of signalling pathways important for tissue repair and function maintenance and upregulation of inflammatory responses. Overall, the extensive tissue damage and the gene regulation responses that affect salmon with severe nephrocalcinosis are highly likely to have dramatic consequences on fish survival.

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