PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHANGES DURING THE FORMATION OF RED APLANOSPORES IN THE CHILOROPHYTE <i>HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS</i><sup>1</sup>

Zlotnik, I.; Sukenik, Assaf; Dubinsky, Zvy

doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.1993.tb00147.x

Cited by 60 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

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“…Photosynthetic competency, although low, has been observed in red cells under nitrogen-limited conditions (Zlotnik et al 1993). We found that red cells from the PO+-minus conditions were photosynthetically competent as indicated by gross photosynthetic rates.…”

Section: Culture Conditions Cell Morphology and Pigmentationmentioning

confidence: 50%

CYTOCHROME f LOSS IN ASTAXANTHIN‐ACCUMULATING RED CELLS OF HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS (CHLOROPHYCEAE): COMPARISON OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY, PHOTOSYNTHETIC ENZYMES, AND THYLAKOID MEMBRANE POLYPEPTIDES IN RED AND GREEN CELLS

Tan

Cunningham

Youmans

et al. 1995

Journal of Phycology

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Photosynthetic activity, chloroplast enzymes, and poly‐peptides were compared in green and red (ketocarotenoid‐containing) cultures of the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis Flotow. Green cultures, grown at 80 μmol pho‐tons.m‐2. s‐1 in an acetate‐containing medium, had a mean generation time of 27 h. Ketocarotenoid accumulation was induced by transfer of green cultures to PO4‐deficient medium and exposure to 250 μmol photons.m‐2. s‐1. Under these conditions, there was no increase in cell number, and the cultures turned red. Relative amounts of enzymes and thylakoid polypeptides in red and green cells were ascertained by immunoprobing with standardization on a chlorophyll (Chl) basis. In red cultures, the level of cytochrome f was greatly decreased (< 1% of green cell level), which is expected to greatly impair the linear electron flow from photosystem (PS) II to PS I. Also, the levels of apoproteins in red cells, namely, of CPI, D2, CP47, LHC I, and ribulose‐1, 5‐bisphosphate carboxylase were reduced to 15, 18, 29, 48, and 80%, respectively, of those in green cells. Only adenosine triphosphate syn‐thase exhibited no significant change in the two types of cultures. The respiration rate of red cultures was much higher (100 μmoles O2. mg Chl‐1.h‐1) than that of green cells (16 μmoles O2. mg Chl‐1.h‐1). Conversely, net O2 evolution (at Pmax in green cultures was 80 μmoles O2. mg Chl‐1.h‐1 but was —40 μmoles O2. mg Chl‐1.h‐1 in red cultures. PS II activity was demonstrated in broken cells of both green and red cultures, showing activity of 40 and 15 μmoles DCPIP‐mg Chl‐1.h‐1 (with DPC as electron donor), respectively. In contrast, PS I activity measured by the Mehler reaction showed that red rather than green cells had a greater activity (64 vs. 46 μmoles O2. mg Chl‐1.h‐1, respectively). Thus, in spite of the decline of O2 evolution in red cells, the photosystems were still functional. We postulate that the decline of O2, evolution in red cells is largely attributable to an increase in the respiration rate and the impairment of linear electron flow from PS II to PS I and, to some extent, to a decrease in components of the photosystems.

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Section: Culture Conditions Cell Morphology and Pigmentationmentioning

confidence: 50%

CYTOCHROME f LOSS IN ASTAXANTHIN‐ACCUMULATING RED CELLS OF HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS (CHLOROPHYCEAE): COMPARISON OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY, PHOTOSYNTHETIC ENZYMES, AND THYLAKOID MEMBRANE POLYPEPTIDES IN RED AND GREEN CELLS

Tan

Cunningham

Youmans

et al. 1995

Journal of Phycology

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Biology and Commercial Aspects ofHaematococcus pluvialis

Han

2013

Handbook of Microalgal Culture

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Efficient one‐step production of astaxanthin by the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis in continuous culture

Río

Acién

García-Malea

et al. 2005

Biotech & Bioengineering

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The performance of Haematococcus pluvialis in continuous photoautotrophic culture has been analyzed, especially from the viewpoint of astaxanthin production. To this end, chemostat cultures of Haematococcus pluvialis were carried out at constant light irradiance, 1,220 μE/m2 · s, and dilution rate, 0.9/d, but varying the nitrate concentration in the feed medium reaching the reactor, from 1.7 to 20.7 mM. Both growth and biomass composition were affected by the nitrate supply. With saturating nitrate, the biomass productivity was high, 1.2 g/L · d, but astaxanthin accumulation did not take place, the C/N ratio of the biomass being 5.7. Under moderate nitrate limitation, biomass productivity was decreased, as also did biomass concentration at steady state, whereas accumulation of astaxanthin developed and the C/N ratio of the biomass increased markedly. Astaxanthin accumulation took place in cells growing and dividing actively, and its extent was enhanced in response to the limitation in nitrate availability, with a recorded maximum for astaxanthin cellular level of 0.8% of dry biomass and of 5.6 mg/L · d for astaxanthin productivity. The viability of a significant continued generation of astaxanthin‐rich H. pluvialis cells becomes thus demonstrated, as also does the continuous culture option as an alternative to current procedures for the production of astaxanthin using this microalga. The intensive variable controlling the behavior of the system has been identified as the specific nitrate input, and a mathematical model developed that links growth rate with both irradiance and specific nitrate input. Moreover, a second model for astaxanthin accumulation, also as a function of irradiance and specific nitrate input, was derived. The latter model takes into account that accumulation of astaxanthin is only partially linked to growth, being besides inhibited by excess nitrate. Simulations performed fit experimental data and emphasize the contention that astaxanthin can be efficiently produced under continuous mode by adjustment of the specific nitrate input, predicting even higher values for astaxanthin productivity. The developed models represent a powerful tool for management of such an astaxanthin‐generating continuous process, and could allow the development of improved systems for the production of astaxanthin‐rich Haematococcus cells. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHANGES DURING THE FORMATION OF RED APLANOSPORES IN THE CHILOROPHYTE HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS¹

Cited by 60 publications

References 35 publications

CYTOCHROME f LOSS IN ASTAXANTHIN‐ACCUMULATING RED CELLS OF HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS (CHLOROPHYCEAE): COMPARISON OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY, PHOTOSYNTHETIC ENZYMES, AND THYLAKOID MEMBRANE POLYPEPTIDES IN RED AND GREEN CELLS

CYTOCHROME f LOSS IN ASTAXANTHIN‐ACCUMULATING RED CELLS OF HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS (CHLOROPHYCEAE): COMPARISON OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY, PHOTOSYNTHETIC ENZYMES, AND THYLAKOID MEMBRANE POLYPEPTIDES IN RED AND GREEN CELLS

Biology and Commercial Aspects ofHaematococcus pluvialis

Efficient one‐step production of astaxanthin by the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis in continuous culture

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PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHANGES DURING THE FORMATION OF RED APLANOSPORES IN THE CHILOROPHYTE HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS1

Cited by 60 publications

References 35 publications

CYTOCHROME f LOSS IN ASTAXANTHIN‐ACCUMULATING RED CELLS OF HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS (CHLOROPHYCEAE): COMPARISON OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY, PHOTOSYNTHETIC ENZYMES, AND THYLAKOID MEMBRANE POLYPEPTIDES IN RED AND GREEN CELLS

CYTOCHROME f LOSS IN ASTAXANTHIN‐ACCUMULATING RED CELLS OF HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS (CHLOROPHYCEAE): COMPARISON OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY, PHOTOSYNTHETIC ENZYMES, AND THYLAKOID MEMBRANE POLYPEPTIDES IN RED AND GREEN CELLS

Biology and Commercial Aspects ofHaematococcus pluvialis

Efficient one‐step production of astaxanthin by the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis in continuous culture

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PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHANGES DURING THE FORMATION OF RED APLANOSPORES IN THE CHILOROPHYTE HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS¹