Physiological and morphological investigation of Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) gill filaments with high salinity exposure and recovery

Blair, Salvatore D.; Matheson, Derrick; Goss, Greg G.

doi:10.1093/conphys/cox040

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Modification of gill surface area via modulation of an ILCM also occurs in several other groups of fully aquatic teleost fishes, including cyprinids (Dhillon et al, 2013;Sollid, De Angelis, Gundersen, & Nilsson, 2003;Tzaneva, Bailey, & Perry, 2011;Wu et al, 2017), catfishes (Phuong, Huong, Nyengaard, & Bayley, 2017), stickleback (Gibbons, McBryan, & Schulte, 2018), and salmonids (Blair, Matheson, He, & Goss, 2016). In these species, the ILCM is comprised of many cell types, including epithelial cells, mucous cells, ionocytes (mitochondria rich cells), neuroepithelial cells, and undifferentiated cells (Blair, Matheson, & Goss, 2017;Dhillon et al, 2013;Sinha, Matey, Giblen, Blust, & De Boeck, 2014;Sollid, Weber, & Nilsson, 2005). The ILCM is also thought to be innervated (Tzaneva, Vadeboncoeur, Ting, & Perry, 2014) but avascular (Nilsson et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gill remodelling during terrestrial acclimation in the amphibious fish Polypterus senegalus

Turko

Maini

Wright

et al. 2019

Journal of Morphology

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Fishes are effectively weightless in water due to the buoyant support of the environment, but amphibious fishes must cope with increased effective weight when on land. Delicate structures such as gills are especially vulnerable to collapse and loss of surface area out of water. We tested the ‘structural support’ hypothesis that amphibious Polypterus senegalus solve this problem using phenotypically plastic changes that provide mechanical support and increase stiffness at the level of the gill lamellae, the filaments, and the whole arches. After 7 d in terrestrial conditions, enlargement of an inter‐lamellar cell mass filled the water channels between gill lamellae, possibly to provide structural support and/or reduce evaporative water loss. Similar gill remodelling has been described in several other actinopterygian fishes, suggesting this may be an ancestral trait. There was no change in the mechanical properties or collagen composition of filaments or arches after 7 days out of water, but 8 months of terrestrial acclimation caused a reduction in gill arch length and mineralized bone volume. Thus, rather than increasing the size and stiffness of the gill skeleton, P. senegalus may instead reduce investment in supportive gill tissue while on land. These results are strikingly similar to the evolutionary trend of gill loss that occurred during the tetrapod invasion of land, raising the possibility that genetic assimilation of gill plasticity was an underlying mechanism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gill remodelling during terrestrial acclimation in the amphibious fish Polypterus senegalus

Turko

Maini

Wright

et al. 2019

Journal of Morphology

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“…The fish gill, a complex physiological organ, is the main site of gas exchange in fish; it executes diverse physiological functions such as ion and acid-base regulation and nitrogenous waste excretion [ 42 , 43 ]. Histological evaluation of H & E stained gill tissue under a light microscope was conducted after long-distance simulated live transport for 72 h and recovery for 12 h. As shown in Figure 1 , the gill lamellae of the sea bass in the CK group were wide and regular, without deficiencies, prior to transport ( Figure 1 , CK-0 h).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Melissa officinalis L. Essential Oil in Comparison with Anaesthetics on Gill Tissue Damage, Liver Metabolism and Immune Parameters in Sea Bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) during Simulated Live Transport

Wang

Mei

Cao

et al. 2021

Biology

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In the current study, Melissa officinalis L. essential oil (MOEO), a novel sedative and anaesthetic, was employed in transport water to obtain a lower stress effect and higher survival rate for live marine fish. The effect of MOEO and various types of anaesthetics, administered at a low temperature on gill morphology, liver function and immunological parameters of living sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) subjected to transport stress, was evaluated to optimize the anaesthetic and sedative concentrations during live sea bass transport. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of sea bass, subjected to simulated live transport for 72 h, demonstrated that the changes in the morphological characteristics of gill tissue treated with 40 mg/L MOEO (A3 group) were minimal in comparison to those observed in untreated sea bass. The results of pyruvate kinase (PK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), hexokinase (HK), hepatic glycogen (Gly), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxides (MDA) and Caspase-3 assays indicated that the glycolysis rate, energy consumption, lipid peroxidation and hepatocyte apoptosis were the lowest in the A3 group. The values of the two immune parameters, lysozyme (LZM) and fish immunoglobulin M (IgM), indicated the strongest immunity ability in the A3 group. After 12 h recovery, sea bass treated with 30 mg/L MS-222 (B group) displayed a 100% survival rate, sea bass treated with 20 mg/L (A2 group) and 40 mg/L (A3 group) MOEO displayed a 96% survival rate, sea bass treated with 20 mg/L eugenol (C group) had a 94% survival rate, and untreated sea bass (CK group) had a 50% survival rate. Therefore, the addition MOEO to the transport water had anaesthetic and sedative effects similar to MS-222 and eugenol. The results confirmed that the addition of MOEO to the transport water could reduce tissue damage, energy metabolism, and the oxidative stress response in sea bass during transport.

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“…Host-parasite interactions may similarly be altered by increased salinity. High salinity can alter immune function in freshwater organisms (Fazio, Marafioti, Arfuso, Piccione, & Faggio, 2013; Martínez-Álvarez, Hidalgo, Morales, García-Gallego, & Sanz, 2002), which could decrease a host's ability to prevent or combat infection (Blair, Matheson, & Goss, 2017;Buss & Hua, 2018) and increase infection prevalence. Conversely, some parasites may experience increased mortality or reduced infectivity in response to high salinity (Miron, Silva, Golombieski, & Baldisserotto, 2003;Sanchez, Coccia, Valdecasas, Boyero, & Green, 2015;Stockwell, Storrie, Pollard, Clulow, & Mahony, 2014), which is expected to decrease infection prevalence in the hosts.…”

Section: Geismentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effects of salinity and infectious disease on Daphnia dentifera at multiple scales

Merrick

Searle

2019

Freshwater Biology

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Temperate freshwater ecosystems are currently being salinised through anthropogenic activities. These increases in freshwater salinity can impact individuals, populations, and species interactions. We studied the effects of salinity on freshwater host–parasite interactions at multiple scales using the zooplankton host, Daphnia dentifera, and a fungal parasite (Metschnikowia bicuspidata). We conducted one experiment at the individual‐level to quantify the effects of salinity on infection prevalence and another to understand the combined population‐level effects of salinity and parasitism. In our first experiment, we found that the effects of salinity on infection prevalence varied by host genotype; increased salinity reduced infection prevalence in one genotype but had no effect on infection prevalence in another. In our second experiment, infection prevalence was lower when NaCl was added to the microcosms compared to the control (no added salt) treatments. We also found a significant parasite × salinity interaction on D. dentifera density in our second experiment, where the parasite only reduced host densities in our control treatment, probably due to the reduced infection prevalence as salinity increased. This study demonstrates that salinity can influence infection prevalence in freshwater hosts and that host population density may respond to the combined effects of salinisation and parasitism in a non‐additive manner.

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Physiological and morphological investigation of Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) gill filaments with high salinity exposure and recovery

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Gill remodelling during terrestrial acclimation in the amphibious fish Polypterus senegalus

Gill remodelling during terrestrial acclimation in the amphibious fish Polypterus senegalus

Effects of Melissa officinalis L. Essential Oil in Comparison with Anaesthetics on Gill Tissue Damage, Liver Metabolism and Immune Parameters in Sea Bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) during Simulated Live Transport

Combined effects of salinity and infectious disease on Daphnia dentifera at multiple scales

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