Physiological and morphological adaptations in relation to water use efficiency in Mediterranean accessions of <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>

Galmés, Jeroni; Conesa, Miquel À.; Ochogavía, Joan Manuel; Perdomo, Juan Alejandro; Francis, David M.; Ribas‐Carbó, Miquel; Savè, Robert; Flexas, Jaume; Medrano, H.; Cifré, J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02239.x

Cited by 150 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…According to previous studies, stomata not only control CO 2 flux, but also regulate water flux in plants to reduce water loss and, therefore, affect plant WUE [8][9][10][11][12]. The earliest leaf defense against desiccation is stomatal closure to avoid excessive water loss [13] since it is much quicker than changes in the root system, leaf area, and chloroplast ultrastructure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Responses of Plant Leaf CO2/H2O Exchange and Water Use Efficiency to Drought: A Meta-Analysis

et al. 2018

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Persistent drought severely inhibits plant growth and productivity, which negatively affects terrestrial primary productivity worldwide. Therefore, it is important to investigate the impacts of drought on plant leaf CO 2 /H 2 O exchange and water use efficiency. This study assessed the responses of net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration (Tr), and instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE) to drought based on a worldwide meta-analysis of 112 published studies. The results demonstrated that drought decreased Pn, Tr, and Gs significantly and differently among different moderators. C 4 plants had smaller Pn reduction than C 3 plants, which gives C 4 plants an advantage in Pn. But their WUE decreased under drought conditions, indicating a great flexibility in C 4 WUE. Annual herbs sacrificed WUE (−6.2%) to maintain efficient Pn. Perennial herbs took a different strategy in response to drought with an increased WUE (25.1%). Deciduous tree species displayed a greater increase in WUE than conifers and evergreen species. Additionally, Gs had a significant correlation with Pn and Tr, but an insignificant correlation with WUE, which could be because WUE is affected by other factors (e.g., air flow, CO 2 concentration, and relative humidity). These findings have significant implications for understanding the worldwide effects of drought on plant leaf CO 2 /H 2 O exchange and water use efficiency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Responses of Plant Leaf CO2/H2O Exchange and Water Use Efficiency to Drought: A Meta-Analysis

et al. 2018

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“…Regardless of the crop type, cultivation in the region must aim to ensure a more efficient water use (yield of product/water consumed), because the benefits that any crop could provide will be affected when the limiting factor is water (Galmés et al 2011). Finding 15 stations with decrements in precipitation highlights the vulnerability in the region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic vulnerability to climate change in the central mountainous region of eastern Mexico

Esperón-Rodríguez

Bonifacio-Bautista

Barradas

2015

Ambio

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Climate change effects are expected to be more severe for some segments of society than others. In Mexico, climate variability associated with climate change has important socio-economic and environmental impacts. From the central mountainous region of eastern Veracruz, Mexico, we analyzed data of total annual precipitation and mean annual temperature from 26 meteorological stations and from General Circulation Models. We developed climate change scenarios based on the observed trends with projections to 2025, 2050, 2075, and 2100, finding considerable local climate changes with reductions in precipitation of over 700 mm and increases in temperature of *9°C for the year 2100. Deforested areas located at windward were considered more vulnerable, representing potential risk for natural environments, local communities, and the main crops cultivated (sugarcane, coffee, and corn). Socio-economic vulnerability is exacerbated in areas where temperature increases and precipitation decreases.

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“…Because water-use efficiency differences can result from differences in leaf morphology [33], we investigated morphological differences between pungent and non-pungent plants. For plants grown in the glasshouse, from field-collected seed, the only detected leaf morphological feature differing between types within population was stomatal density.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why are not all chilies hot? A trade-off limits pungency

et al. 2011

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Evolutionary biologists increasingly recognize that evolution can be constrained by trade-offs, yet our understanding of how and when such constraints are manifested and whether they restrict adaptive divergence in populations remains limited. Here, we show that spatial heterogeneity in moisture maintains a polymorphism for pungency (heat) among natural populations of wild chilies (Capsicum chacoense) because traits influencing water-use efficiency are functionally integrated with traits controlling pungency (the production of capsaicinoids). Pungent and non-pungent chilies occur along a cline in moisture that spans their native range in Bolivia, and the proportion of pungent plants in populations increases with greater moisture availability. In high moisture environments, pungency is beneficial because capsaicinoids protect the fruit from pathogenic fungi, and is not costly because pungent and non-pungent chilies grown in well-watered conditions produce equal numbers of seeds. In low moisture environments, pungency is less beneficial as the risk of fungal infection is lower, and carries a significant cost because, under drought stress, seed production in pungent chilies is reduced by 50 per cent relative to non-pungent plants grown in identical conditions. This large difference in seed production under water-stressed (WS) conditions explains the existence of populations dominated by non-pungent plants, and appears to result from a genetic correlation between pungency and stomatal density: non-pungent plants, segregating from intra-population crosses, exhibit significantly lower stomatal density (p ¼ 0.003), thereby reducing gas exchange under WS conditions. These results demonstrate the importance of trait integration in constraining adaptive divergence among populations.

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Physiological and morphological adaptations in relation to water use efficiency in Mediterranean accessions of Solanum lycopersicum

Cited by 150 publications

References 74 publications

The Responses of Plant Leaf CO2/H2O Exchange and Water Use Efficiency to Drought: A Meta-Analysis

The Responses of Plant Leaf CO2/H2O Exchange and Water Use Efficiency to Drought: A Meta-Analysis

Socio-economic vulnerability to climate change in the central mountainous region of eastern Mexico

Why are not all chilies hot? A trade-off limits pungency

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