Physiological and Immunological Studies with Desamidogastrin

McGuigan, James E.; Thomas, Henry F.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(72)80038-6

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, most assays measure the large molecular forms with varying potency, lower than that of gas-trin17. Some assays are also sensitive to microheterogeneity, such as sulfation [3,64] and deamidation [30]. The specificity against different molecular forms of a given hormone can be tested in two ways: either different pure forms can be measured; or if pure forms are not available, an enzymatic pro- cedure cleaving the large molecular forms to smaller forms can be applied [61].…”

Section: Implications Of Heterogeneity For Hormone Assay Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogeneity of gastrointestinal hormones

Rehfeld

1979

World j. surg.

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The molecular heterogeneity of gastrointestinal hormones is reviewed. The phenomenon of heterogeneity is characteristic of all secreted proteins, including macromolecules like albumin and immunoglobulins, as well as protein and polypeptide hormones. Heterogeneity reflects basal mechanisms involved in ribosomal biosynthesis, posttranslational cleavage and modification, as well as degradation in peripheral tissue of biologically important substances. Thus far, all gastrointestinal hormones have displayed heterogeneity. The degree of heterogeneity reported has varied for the individual gut hormones. The most extensively studied hormones, such as gastrin and insulin, have displayed a high degree of heterogeneity, and similar heterogeneity will probably emerge for the remaining hormones when they have been studied in greater detail. Based on the extent of molecular difference, a distinction between macro‐ and microheterogeneity is proposed. Macroheterogeneity indicates a difference in molecular size of several (two or more) amino acids, while microheterogeneity indicates modifications of single amino acid residues. Molecular heterogeneity has implications regarding extraction, measurement, and evaluation of the action of the individual gut hormones. Thus, extraction may require several different procedures in order to identify all the molecular forms of a hormone. Measurement in blood and other biological fluids requires careful evaluation of the specificity of the assays towards the different molecular forms of a hormone in order to evaluate its physiological role. Consequently, understanding of the significance of gut hormones in gastrointestinal disease requires further clarification of their heterogeneous nature.

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Section: Implications Of Heterogeneity For Hormone Assay Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, microheterogeneity may be equally important. For instance, removal of sulfate-groups [29] or deamidation of the COOH-terminus [30] reduces the activity of CCK and gastrin dramatically. Consequently, microheterogeneity deserves as much attention as macroheterogeneity.…”

Section: The Gastrin Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity of gastrointestinal hormones

Rehfeld

1979

World j. surg.

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“…Desa mido-gastrin, in which the C-terminal phenylalanine amide is replaced by phenylalanine free acid, is virtually devoid of acid secretion-stimulating activity (122). The glycine-extended precursor of amidated gastrin also has almost no acid secretion-sti mulating activity (4).…”

Section: Potency Of Different Gastrins For Acid Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptides as Regulators of Gastric Acid Secretion

Walsh¹

1988

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

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Several peptides are important regulators of gastric acid secretion. The best characterized is gastrin. This circulating hormone is produced in the gastric antrum and mediates the gastric phase of acid secretion. Somatostatin is important as an inhibitory regulator of acid secretion, but the relative importance of paracrine versus endocrine delivery to its targets remains to be determined. The mammalian bombesin peptides, GRP27 and GRP10, probably are mediators of neural release of gastrin. Opioid peptides in the gastric wall appear to act as endogenous neurostimulants of gastric acid secretion under some conditions. Other neuropeptides in the gastric mucosa and submucosa, including sensory neuropeptides, may be important regulators of acid secretion. Hormones or nerves activated by fat and other substances in the lumen of the small intestine cause inhibition of acid secretion, but the specific peptides responsible for this effect have not yet been identified from a long list of candidates. The effects of peptides on the parietal cell and the gastrin and somatostatin cells are functionally linked with those of cholinergic and adrenergic nerves and with locally released histamine.

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Der Magen

Zita¹

1978

Nuklearmedizin / Nuclear Medicine

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Physiological and Immunological Studies with Desamidogastrin

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Heterogeneity of gastrointestinal hormones

Heterogeneity of gastrointestinal hormones

Peptides as Regulators of Gastric Acid Secretion

Der Magen

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