Physiological and genetic characterization of heat stress effects in a common bean RIL population

Abstract

Heat stress is a major abiotic stress factor reducing crop productivity and climate change models predict increasing temperatures in many production regions. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important crop for food security in the tropics and heat stress is expected to cause increasing yield losses. To study physiological responses and to characterize the genetics of heat stress tolerance, we evaluated the recombinant inbred line (RIL) population IJR (Indeterminate Jamaica Red) x AFR298 of the Andean gene pool. Heat stress (HS) conditions in the field affected many traits across the reproductive phase. High nighttime temperatures appeared to have larger effects than maximum daytime temperatures. Yield was reduced compared to non-stress conditions by 37% and 26% in 2016 and 2017 seasons, respectively. The image analysis tool HYRBEAN was developed to evaluate pollen viability (PolVia). A significant reduction of PolVia was observed in HS and higher viability was correlated with yield only under stress conditions. In susceptible lines the reproductive phase was extended and defects in the initiation of seed, seed fill and seed formation were identified reducing grain quality. Higher yields under HS were correlated with early flowering, high pollen viability and effective seed filling. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis revealed a QTL for both pod harvest index and PolVia on chromosome Pv05, for which the more heat tolerant parent IJR contributed the positive allele. Also, on chromosome Pv08 a QTL from IJR improved PolVia and the yield component pods per plant. HS affected several traits during the whole reproductive development, from floral induction to grain quality traits, indicating a general heat perception affecting many reproductive processes. Identification of tolerant germplasm, indicator traits for heat tolerance and molecular tools will help to breed heat tolerant varieties to face future climate change effects.

Towards Heat Tolerant Runner Bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) by Utilizing Plant Genetic Resources

“…It is well known that heat stress is a major bean production constraint causing significant reduction in yield and quality. Shedding of flowers and pods, pollen sterility, and pod and seed set reduction have been described when the temperature exceeds 32 • C in common bean [12][13][14][15]. Similar effects have been observed in runner bean production practice.…”

“…The globally experienced detrimental consequences of the climate crisis to agricultural productivity make it necessary to develop varieties that are better adapted to the changing climatic conditions [17]. The negative effects of heat stress have been comprehensively described for common bean [12][13][14][15]. Our observations revealed similar reactions in runner bean when the temperature exceeded 32 °C, in particular flower shedding (cf.…”

Response of Physiological, Reproductive Function and Yield Traits in Cultivated Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Under Heat Stress

“…Heat stress decreases PGP and PVP in rice ( Coast et al, 2016 ), wheat ( Bheemanahalli et al, 2019 ), peanut ( Kakani et al, 2002 ), sorghum ( Sunoj et al, 2017 ), common bean ( Soltani et al, 2019 ; Vargas et al, 2021 ), and chickpea ( Bhandari et al, 2020 ). High values of these traits indicate better reproductive function and thus high grain yield.…”

“…Based on these two traits, GNG469 and CSJ515 genotypes exhibited higher heat tolerance than the heat-tolerant check ICCV 92944, and could be used as donor parents to improve heat tolerance in chickpea. Several researchers have used in vitro pollen germination to screen for heat tolerance in various crops such as peanut ( Kakani et al, 2002 ) and cotton ( Kakani et al, 2005 ; Song et al, 2015 ), mung bean ( Sharma et al, 2016 ) and common bean ( Vargas et al, 2021 ).…”

“…Serious losses in yield and yield-related traits (biomass, pod set, seed weight, and SYP) have been reported in various crops under HS such as winter wheat ( Wheeler et al, 1996 ; Prasad and Djanaguiraman, 2014 ; Bheemanahalli et al, 2019 ), cowpea ( Ehlers and Hall, 1998 ), common bean ( Soltani et al, 2019 ), pea ( Tafesse et al, 2019 ; Jiang et al, 2020 ), and lentil ( Bhandari et al, 2020 ). HS during the reproductive stage, especially pollen development and fertilization, damaged pod and seed setting processes and thus reduced grain yield in many crops (see review by Prasad et al (2017) , for instance in common bean ( Rainey and Griffiths, 2005 ; Vargas et al, 2021 ), and pea ( Jiang et al, 2020 ). The wide range of PSP (21.7–44.9% in 2017–2018 and 22.8–45.7% in 2018–2019) under HS in the present study indicates great scope for developing chickpea genotypes involving under HS.…”