Physiological and Biochemical Effect of Pyriproxyfen on Indian Meal Moth Plodia Interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Abstract

Insect growth regulators generally have a selective effect on the target insects and have practically no apparent side effect on non-target organisms especially vertebrates. Hence, insect growth regulators could be a suitable choice to control pests in stored products. Ten-day-old larvae of Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) were expressed to the juvenile hormone analogue pyriproxyfen in order to have an effect on growth, metamorphosis, reproduction, lipid and protein contents of ovaries. The larvae were treated by 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16, and 0.3 ppm of JHA in an artificial diet where controls received acetone alone. The results indicated significant differences in duration of growth, mean longevity of hatched adults, percentage of emerged normal adults, abnormal pupae, hatched larvae and mean oviposition ratein addition to the lipid and protein of ovaries compared to the controls. An inhibition concentration of fifty (IF 50 ) for prevention of emerging adults was recorded 0.134 ppm. Pyriproxyfen caused significant defects in the legs and wings of some adults and sever morphological changes in the ovaries of emerged adults. The results showed that pyriproxyfen may be applied as an insecticide to decrease the damage caused by Indian meal moth on stored products. Pyriproxyfen can be used with low side effects to humans.

Potential of an Insect Growth Regulator in the Management of the Rice Moth Corcyra Cephalonica Stainton, 1866 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

“…The longest developmental time (growth duration) was obtained when 1 st instar larvae were treated. This result was comparable to that obtained for the effect of pyriproxifen on Plodia interpunctella (GHASEMI et al 2010) and on Eurygaster integriceps (MOJAVER & BADNANI 2010). In contrast to this result, the application of fenoxycarb to 2 nd to 4 th larval instars of the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis (HÜBNER, 1796) had no significant effects on the duration of these instars and the duration of the resulting 5 th instars increased significantly (GADENNE et al 1990).…”

Withania somnifera acts as a potential insect growth regulator in the polyphagous pest, Pericallia ricini

“…The results are similar to those obtained with exogenous administration of JHA, pyriproxyfen (Ghasemi et al 2010). This clearly demonstrates the insect growth regulatory properties of these plant extracts in a manner similar to those found as a result of administration of juvenoids.…”

“…Leaf, root and fruit extracts of Pedalium murex caused extension of larval, pupal and adult duration in tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Sahayaraj and Sathyamoorthi 2010) and mahlab oil extracted from kernels of Prunus mahaleb caused prolongation of larval duration in Spodoptera littoralis (Mead et al 2016). Similar results have also been observed with administration of juvenile hormone analogue (JHA), pyriproxyfen to larvae of Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Ghasemi et al 2010). Such postponement of larval-pupal or pupal-adult ecdysis or extension of the larval or pupal period may certainly be due to inhibition of the moulting process caused by an increase in the juvenile hormone titre in the insect body (Hangartner and Masner 1973;Lapcharoen et al 2005) which is responsible for direct inhibition of prothoracic glands or modification of the prothoracicotropic brain activity (Ciemior et al 1979).…”

Performance of reproductive system of Dichelops melacanthus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) subjected to buprofezin and pyriproxyfen: morphological analysis of ovarioles and testes

“…In the present work, there was a significant difference in the percentage of hatched nymphs of D. melacanthus in the pyriproxyfen treatment (71.6%) relative to hatched nymphs of the buprofezin and control treatments (90.6 and 96.4%, respectively). Pyriproxyfen reduces lipid and protein synthesis (ZIBAEE et al, 2011), which are essential components for the formation of adult females; the product interferes with the growth and development of ovaries and affects oogenesis (GHASEMI et al, 2010;BOTTSFORD, 2001). In studies with B. tabaci, embryos whose mothers were treated with pyriproxyfen or buprofezin did not develop, indicating that the products can be transferred from the reproductive system to oocytes in development (ISHAAYA; HOROWITZ, 1992;SOHRABI et al, 2011).…”

“…It was not possible to observe variation in lipid distribution in the insect material subjected to pyriproxyfen. However, this IGR does act on lipid synthesis in the hemolymph and fat bodies of E. integriceps (ZIBAEE et al, 2011) and of Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (GHASEMI et al, 2010).…”