Physiological Action Op Sodium Carboxymethyl‐cellulose on Laboratory Animals and Humans

Shelanski, H. A.; Clark, Arnold M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1948.tb16591.x

Cited by 48 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Both Na-CMC and PEO are water soluble [ 23,24 ] and biocompatible [ 25,26 ] ; each has been used in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics as stabilizers for emulsions [ 27,28 ] and thickeners. [ 29,30 ] As cast, the Na-CMC fi lms have a surface roughness of Figure S3a).…”

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Biodegradable Materials for Multilayer Transient Printed Circuit Boards

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Biodegradable Materials for Multilayer Transient Printed Circuit Boards

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“…Additionally, MC is insoluble in hot water and will precipitate out. [9] MC in common with other cellulose ethers have been claimed to be physiologically harmless [10] and are well tolerated by skin and mucous membranes which makes them an attractive biomaterial for many industrial applications, including pharmaceutical excipients, [11] cosmetics [12] and the food industry. [13,14] Several techniques have been employed for the characterisation of MC or other cellulose ethers including NMR, GLC, HPLC, capillary electrophoresis, mass spectrometry and to some extent, SEC-MALLS.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Flexibility of Methylcelluloses of Differing Degree of Substitution by Combined Sedimentation and Viscosity Analysis

Patel

Morris

Torre

et al. 2008

Macromolecular Bioscience

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The flexibility/rigidity of methylcelluloses (MCs) plays an important part in their structure-function relationship and therefore on their commercial applications in the food and biomedical industries. In the present study, two MCs of low degree of substitution (DS) 1.09 and 1.32 and four of high DS (1.80, 1.86, 1.88 and 1.93) were characterised in distilled water in terms of intrinsic viscosity [h]; sedimentation coefficient (s020,w) and weight average molar mass (Mw). Solution conformation and flexibility were estimated qualitatively using conformation zoning and quantitatively (persistence length Lp) using the new combined global method. Sedimentation conformation zoning showed an extended coil (Type C) conformation and the global method applied to each MC sample yielded persistence lengths all within the range Lp(1/4)12-17 nm (for a fixed mass per unit length) with no evidence of any significant change in flexibility with DS.

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“…These fractions are listed in Tab. 5. The values were determined by integration of the four peaks in the chromatogram.…”

Section: Hpl Chromatography On Hydrolysed Nacmcmentioning

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“…It is primarily used to modify the flow properties of aqueous systems, e. g. as an additive for oil well fluids in which the pseudoplastic properties are important 3,4) . Owing to its high water-retaining capacity, the fact that it is well-tolerated by the skin and that it is physiologically harmless, NaCMC is employed to improve flow properties to a great extent in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products as well as in the food industry [5][6][7][8] .…”

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Development and evaluation of methods for determining the pattern of functionalization in sodium carboxymethylcelluloses

Käuper

Kulicke²,

Horner

et al. 1998

Angew. Makromol. Chem.

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Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) with varying degrees of substitution (DS) was investigated with different analytical methods in order to characterize the functional group distribution. The following methods were tested and adapted: high‐resolution 13C NMR spectroscopy in the solid state (13C CP/MAS NMR) and 13C NMR spectroscopy on solutions of NaCMC samples with a reduced molar mass. Partial degradation was accomplished by ultrasonic means and with the enzyme endoglucanase. Combining the two techniques resulted in the greatest reduction in molar mass and hence in the best spectral resolution. Analysis of the NaCMC fragments following ultrasonic and/or endoglucanase degradation also reveals another interesting experimental finding. It appears that ultrasonic degradation is favored at unsubstituted areas near the center of the chain. These methods were compared with the following already familiar techniques of analysis: titrimetric techniques; 13C and 1H NMR spectroscopy as well as HPLC on completely hydrolysed solutions (hydrolysis with perchloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid and sulfuric acid). All of the methods characterize the samples as a series with increasing DS, the values of which range from 0.9 to 2.4. Methods that permit analysis of the partial degree of substitution produced the distribution x2 > x6 > x3. Therefore, they are in principle suited for determining the functionalization pattern of the NaCMC samples relative to one another. The most suitable method can therefore be selected according to the objectives and the apparatus available. However, the measured values do exhibit considerable spread, variances of approx. 20%, thus, place restrictions on using the values of DS or xi in absolute comparisons beyond these methods.

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Physiological Action Op Sodium Carboxymethyl‐cellulose on Laboratory Animals and Humans

Cited by 48 publications

References 4 publications

Biodegradable Materials for Multilayer Transient Printed Circuit Boards

Biodegradable Materials for Multilayer Transient Printed Circuit Boards

Molecular Flexibility of Methylcelluloses of Differing Degree of Substitution by Combined Sedimentation and Viscosity Analysis

Development and evaluation of methods for determining the pattern of functionalization in sodium carboxymethylcelluloses

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