Physiologic and anthropometric parameters related to coronary risk factors in yemenite jews living different time spans in israel

Brunner, D.; Meshulam, Nissim; Altman, S; Bearman, Jacob E.; Loebl, K.; Wendkos, Martin E.

doi:10.1016/0021-9681(71)90138-x

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Among Yemenites over age 55 years living in Israel for >40 years, 26.3% had diabetes ( 49 ). Blood pressure increased: systolic from 116 mmHg to 124 mmHg and diastolic from 74 mmHg to 76 mmHg ( 71 ). Serum cholesterol increased from 195 mg/dL to 208 mg/dL.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Transitions and Health Outcomes in Four Populations – Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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ImportanceNon-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and cancer were rare among non-western populations with traditional diets and lifestyles. As populations transitioned toward industrialized diets and lifestyles, NCDs developed.ObjectiveWe performed a systematic literature review to examine the effects of diet and lifestyle transitions on NCDs.Evidence ReviewWe identified 22 populations that underwent a nutrition transition, eleven of which had sufficient data. Of these, we chose four populations with diverse geographies, diets and lifestyles who underwent a dietary and lifestyle transition and explored the relationship between dietary changes and health outcomes. We excluded populations with features overlapping with selected populations or with complicating factors such as inadequate data, subgroups, and different study methodologies over different periods. The selected populations were Yemenite Jews, Tokelauans, Tanushimaru Japanese, and Maasai. We also review transition data from seven excluded populations (Pima, Navajo, Aboriginal Australians, South African Natal Indians and Zulu speakers, Inuit, and Hadza) to assess for bias.FindingsThe three groups that replaced saturated fats (SFA) from animal (Yemenite Jews, Maasai) or plants (Tokelau) with refined carbohydrates had negative health outcomes (e.g., increased obesity, diabetes, heart disease). Yemenites reduced SFA consumption by >40% post-transition but men's BMI increased 19% and diabetes increased ~40-fold. Tokelauans reduced fat, dramatically reduced SFA, and increased sugar intake: obesity and diabetes rose. The Tanushimaruans transitioned to more fats and less carbohydrates and used more anti-hypertensive medications; stroke and breast cancer declined while heart disease was stable. The Maasai transitioned to lower fat, SFA and higher carbohydrates and had increased BMI and diabetes. Similar patterns were observed in the seven other populations.ConclusionThe nutrient category most strongly associated with negative health outcomes – especially obesity and diabetes – was sugar (increased 600–650% in Yemenite Jews and Tokelauans) and refined carbohydrates (among Maasai, total carbohydrates increased 39% in men and 362% in women), while increased calories was less strongly associated with these disorders. Across 11 populations, NCDs were associated with increased refined carbohydrates more than increased calories, reduced activity or other factors, but cannot be attributed to SFA or total fat consumption.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Transitions and Health Outcomes in Four Populations – Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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“…Studies from all regions of the world yielded effect sizes greater than zero, indicating that the acculturation effects are universal; however, among the DBP effect sizes, studies conducted with participants from the Middle-East had higher average random weighted effect sizes (d = . 49) than studies with participants from other regions of the world (Table 2). This finding is likely due to the fact that 6 of the 10 studies from the Middle-East evaluated recent migrants from Ethiopia to Israel, with high levels of impoverishment among the migrants and with correspondingly large gaps between their previous circumstances and the new host society.…”

Section: Moderation By Participant and Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Acculturation to Western Society as a Risk Factor for High Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analytic Review

Steffen

Smith

Larson

et al. 2006

Psychosomatic Medicine

165

140

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“…At the same time, we cannot ignore the dramatic change in body size in the Yemenite community in Israel over the last 20 years, from an average weight and height in adult males of 36 kg and 160 cm, respectively, in 1950 to 63 kg and 171 cm, respectively, in 1971 (18). The relationship between body mass and ␤-cell autoimmunity is supported by the recently reported association of islet autoimmunity and ␤-cell function abnormality with obesity and insulin resistance (19).…”

Section: Correspondence Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 1 Diabetes Environmental Factors and Correspondence Analysis of HLA Class II Genes in the Yemenite Jewish Community in Israel

et al. 2001

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OBJECTIVE -The Israeli Yemenite Jewish community has displayed an exceptionally rapid increase in the frequency of type 1 diabetes, having the highest rate of all Israeli ethnic groups. We studied the role of the environment, in relation to the nature and frequency of HLA class II genes, to evaluate its possible involvement in the development of diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We interviewed 196 elderly Yemenite women, who had immigrated to Israel as adults, in programmed encounters about signs and symptoms of type 1 diabetes, infant feeding customs, and infectious diseases in Yemen. We also performed HLA oligotyping of DRB1, DQA1, and DQB1 genes in 120 unrelated Yemenite Jews, including 44 type 1 diabetic patients and 76 healthy control subjects, and used these data in correspondence analysis comparing Yemenites with different Israeli ethnic groups.RESULTS -Interviews indicated that early exposure to cow's milk was very common in Yemen. However, none of the women could recall classical presentations of diabetes. HLA oligotyping showed that gene frequencies of non-Asp-57 (of the HLA-DQB chain) in the patients (0.94) and control subjects (0.6) were similar to those of other populations with a known high incidence of type 1 diabetes. Correspondence analysis revealed that Yemenite Jews are genetically distinct from other ethnic groups in Israel.CONCLUSIONS -The genetic distinctiveness of Yemenite Jews may explain their unusually high incidence of type 1 diabetes in Israel. Despite the presence of highly susceptible diabetogenic HLA class II genes in this community, early exposure to cow's milk did not cause phenotypic expression of diabetes in Yemen. This finding suggests that in this population, either cow's milk does not play a crucial role in triggering diabetes, or environmentally conferred protection, such as frequent infectious disease in Yemen, was dominant. Diabetes Care 24:650 -653, 2001

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Physiologic and anthropometric parameters related to coronary risk factors in yemenite jews living different time spans in israel

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Dietary Transitions and Health Outcomes in Four Populations – Systematic Review

Dietary Transitions and Health Outcomes in Four Populations – Systematic Review

Acculturation to Western Society as a Risk Factor for High Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analytic Review

Type 1 Diabetes Environmental Factors and Correspondence Analysis of HLA Class II Genes in the Yemenite Jewish Community in Israel

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