Physiochemistry of blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) affected by red drupelet reversion

Edgley, Max; Close, DC; Measham, Penelope; Nichols, David S.

doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2019.04.012

Cited by 16 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…A 41.7% average decrease in cyanidin-3-glucoside, the dominant anthocyanin present in blackberries, was also found in all three cultivars (Kim et al, 2019). Edgley et al (2019a) found a 58.2% decrease in total anthocyanins and a 59.7% average decrease in cyanidin-3glucoside between black and red drupelets in a similar analysis performed with 'Ouachita' blackberries. This reduction in anthocyanins is suspected as the reason black drupelets turn red during storage (Edgley et al, 2019a(Edgley et al, , 2020.…”

supporting

confidence: 55%

“…Red drupelet reversion (RDR) is a postharvest disorder of blackberries that occurs when black drupelets on ripe berries turn red during and after cold storage (Clark and Finn, 2011;Finn and Clark, 2012). Reverted drupelets typically have a more shriveled appearance upon closer inspection, with broken pistils surrounding the fruit, compared with fully black drupelets (Edgley et al, 2019a). Whole shipments of blackberries can be rejected if over 10% of produce is not fully black or blue colored according to United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) marketing standards (USDA- AMS, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vacuole can take up 90% of the cytoplasmic volume in a cell where it accumulates aromatics, anthocyanins, sugars, and tannins, which influence cellular development (Fontes et al, 2011). Edgley et al (2019a) also used electrolytic leakage to measure damage to the plasma membrane of fruit tissue with significant increases from fully black drupelets (64.9%) to partially red (84.8%) and fully red drupelets (90.0%). The anthocyanins that are longer sequestered in the vacuole in damaged drupelets are susceptible to degradation, though different structural features of particular anthocyanins may affect their susceptibility to degradation (Edgley et al, 2019a(Edgley et al, , 2020.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have investigated physiochemical changes in reverted drupelets and have found that the anthocyanin content is significantly lower in reverted drupelets compared with fully black drupelets (Edgley et al, 2019a;Kim et al, 2019). Kim et al (2019) harvested berries from 'Apache', 'Ouachita', and 'Triple Crown' and observed a 39.1% to 43.4% decrease in total anthocyanin content in red drupelets after a week in cold storage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Harvest Time and Fruit Firmness on Red Drupelet Reversion in Blackberry

Armour¹,

Worthington²,

Clark³

et al. 2021

horts

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Red drupelet reversion (RDR) is a postharvest disorder of blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) in which fully black drupelets revert to red after harvest. This disorder can negatively impact consumer perception of fresh-market blackberries. The cause of RDR is hypothesized to be related to intracellular damage sustained because of mechanical and environmental stress during and after harvest. Cultivars differ in susceptibility to this disorder; and cultural factors, including nitrogen rate, harvest and shipping practices, and climate during harvest, influence RDR severity. In this 2-year study, seven genotypes (cultivars and advanced selections) developed in the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture (UA) blackberry breeding program, with a range of fruit textures, were evaluated to determine whether firmness was correlated with RDR. In addition, fruit was harvested at four different times (7:00 am, 10:00 am, 1:00 pm, and 4:00 pm) to investigate whether harvest time influences RDR. All seven genotypes were harvested at the four times on two harvest dates per year and evaluated for RDR and firmness after 1 week of cold storage (5 °C). Fruit harvested early in the day had less RDR, with 7:00 am harvests having the least RDR in both years. Significant genotypic differences in RDR and fruit firmness were found in each year. Firmness was negatively correlated with RDR in 2018 and 2019. These results indicate that growers may be able to reduce the prevalence of RDR by choosing cultivars with firm fruit texture and harvesting early in the day.

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supporting

confidence: 55%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Harvest Time and Fruit Firmness on Red Drupelet Reversion in Blackberry

Armour¹,

Worthington²,

Clark³

et al. 2021

horts

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“…While relative electrolyte conductivity of cell membranes is not affected in SB fruit, it increases significantly in SN fruit, indicating the destruction of membrane integrity. This is likely caused by the initiation of lipid peroxidation, which finally leads to cell decompartmentalization and exposure of anthocyanins to ROS and consequent bleaching ( Edgley et al, 2019 ). In addition, polyphenols are exposed to PPO and POX activity ( Pourcel et al, 2007 ), leading to the formation of brown pigments as observed in SN.…”

Section: Biochemical Response Of Grapes To Light and Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunburn in Grapes: A Review

Gambetta

Holzapfel²,

Stoll

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Sunburn is a physiological disorder that affects the visual and organoleptic properties of grapes. The appearance of brown and necrotic spots severely affects the commercial value of the fruit, and in extreme cases, significantly decreases yield. Depending on the severity of the damage and the driving factors, sunburn on grapes can be classified as sunburn browning (SB) or as sunburn necrosis (SN). Sunburn results from a combination of excessive photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and UV radiation and temperature that can be exacerbated by other stress factors such as water deficit. Fruit respond to these by activating antioxidant defense mechanisms, de novo synthesis of optical screening compounds and heat-shock proteins as well as through morphological adaptation. This review summarizes the current knowledge on sunburn in grapes and compares it with relevant literature on other fruits. It also discusses the different factors affecting the appearance and degree of sunburn, as well as the biochemical response of grapes to this phenomenon and different potential mitigation strategies. This review proposes further directions for research into sunburn in grapes.

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Red drupelet reversion in blackberries caused by mechanical damage is not linked to a reduction in anthocyanin content

Flores-Sosa

Soto-Magaña

Vara

et al. 2021

Postharvest Biology and Technology

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Physiochemistry of blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) affected by red drupelet reversion

Cited by 16 publications

References 59 publications

Effect of Harvest Time and Fruit Firmness on Red Drupelet Reversion in Blackberry

Effect of Harvest Time and Fruit Firmness on Red Drupelet Reversion in Blackberry

Sunburn in Grapes: A Review

Red drupelet reversion in blackberries caused by mechanical damage is not linked to a reduction in anthocyanin content

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