Physio-chemico-thermo-mechanical properties of selected biodegradable polymers

Abstract

Polymers from renewable resources recently attracted research community mainly because of environmental concerns, low cost, availability and their biodegradability after usage. However, the intrinsic deficiencies of natural biopolymers, including poor mechanical properties, poor water resistance and difficult processability limit their use. The analysis presented here, is on renewable, bio-based resins for their mechanical, morphological, thermal and hydrolytic properties. The resins were prepared from starch, cellulose, lignin, chitosan, gelatin and their derivatives. All these matrices had good thermoplastic and mechanical properties. Among these blends, a representative starch-based specimen had maximum load bearing capacity 118·17 N on tensile stress of 1·97 MPa and modulus 221·36 MPa. In case of lignin, maximum load bearing capacity was 19·96 N on tensile stress of 0·44 MPa and modulus 287·11 MPa. In chitosan, maximum load bearing capacity was 74·03 N on tensile stress of 1·68 MPa and modulus 372·35 MPa. In case of gelatin, maximum load bearing capacity was 46·43 N on tensile stress of 1·22 MPa and modulus 829·75 MPa. Mechanical strength based on modulus showed: gelatin > chitosan > lignin > starch > cellulose. Thermal withstanding trend (dry heat) showed: gelatin > lignin > chitosan > cellulose > starch, whereas moist heat showed: gelatin > lignin > starch > chitosan > cellulose. Microscopic observations and biodegradability is also discussed.

The Use of Waste Hazelnut Shells as a Reinforcement in the Development of Green Biocomposites

“…[ 13 , 14 ] However, to date, the main disadvantages of most biodegradable polymers are their thermal resistance [ 15 , 16 ] and mechanical properties [ 17 , 18 ], which are inferior to those of conventional polymers. Therefore, recently, a very convenient solution to overcome or at least minimize the low ductility and toughness of biodegradables is biocomposites [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Lignin in place of carbon black for ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer based automotive sealing profiles

“…Elastomer composites incorporated with green materials have been encountered in many applications ranging from automotive parts to smart devices (Sen et al 2015;Meng et al 2019). Thus, a number of studies continue to be carried out in the search of novel high-performance elastomer composites in order to expand their application range (Chung and Washburn 2013;Priyodip et al 2013;Fuke et al 2019). Ethylene-propylene-dienemonomer (EPDM), a nonpolar polyolefin structure, is one of these rubbers.…”

Thermal Behavior of Binary and Ternary Blends Based on Poly (Styrene‐co‐Allyl Alcohol)/Cellulose Acetate Butyrate and an Organically Modified Bentonite

“…For this purpose, bio‐based products have been formulated and associated with nano‐sized fillers, which could bring a large range of improved properties like stiffness, permeability, crystallinity, and thermal stability . The majority of these products is biocompatible and biodegradable and has shown potential application such as bioresorbable sutures, drug delivery, implants, tissue scaffolding, and among others . Cellulose is one of these bio‐based products known as the most abundant regenerated biopolymer in the planet; most of the cellulose is utilized in industry as raw materials in paper production .…”

“…[6] The majority of these products is biocompatible and biodegradable and has shown potential application such as bioresorbable sutures, drug delivery, implants, tissue scaffolding, and among others. [7][8][9] Cellulose is one of these bio-based products known as the most abundant regenerated biopolymer in the planet; most of the cellulose is utilized in industry as raw materials in paper production. [10][11][12] Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) and cellulose acetate propionate (CAP) are the most important commercially esters used.…”