Physics of Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays

Bertou, X.; Boratav, M.; Letessier‐Selvon, A.

doi:10.1142/s0217751x00000902

Cited by 54 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…The origin of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays observed on Earth is a long lasting mystery [1][2][3][4]. While the cosmic ray spectrum is now shown [5,6] to extend beyond 10 20 eV, mechanisms producing or accelerating particles with energies near or above 10 21 eV are still uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tau neutrinos in the Auger Observatory: a new window to UHECR sources

Bertou

Billoir

Deligny

et al. 2002

Astroparticle Physics

222

255

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The cosmic ray spectrum has been shown to extend well beyond 10 20 eV. With nearly 20 events observed in the last 40 years, it is now established that particles are accelerated or produced in the universe with energies near 10 21 eV at the production site. In all production models neutrinos and photons are part of the cosmic ray flux. In acceleration models (bottom-up models), they are produced as secondaries of the possible interactions of the accelerated charged particle; in direct production models (top-down models) they are a dominant fraction of the decay chain. In addition, hadrons above the GZK threshold energy will also produce, along their path in the Universe, neutrinos and photons as secondaries of the pion photo-production processes. Therefore, photons and neutrinos are very distinctive signatures of the nature and distribution of the potential sources of ultra high energy cosmic rays. In the following we describe the tau neutrino detection and identification capabilities of the Auger observatory. We show that in the range 3 × 10 17 − 3 × 10 20 eV the Auger effective apperture reaches a few tenths of km 2 .sr, making the observatory sensitive to fluxes as low as a few tau neutrinos per km 2 .sr.year. In the hypothesis of νµ → ντ oscillations with full mixing, this sensitivity allows to a probe of the GZK cutoff as well as providing model independent constraints on the mechanisms of production of ultra high energy cosmic rays.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tau neutrinos in the Auger Observatory: a new window to UHECR sources

Bertou

Billoir

Deligny

et al. 2002

Astroparticle Physics

222

255

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“…Assuming that the average area of the active region of a thunderstorm is equal to 100 km 2 , we find the average density of lightning discharges, P L ≈ 2.4·10 −4 km −2 ·s −1 . According to [18], the density of a cosmic-ray flux with the energy ε ∼ 10 16 eV is P R = 2 · 10 −2 km −2 · s −1 . Hence, it follows that, first, the flux of cosmic rays with the required energy is sufficient to provide the observed density of lightning discharges in a thundercloud.…”

Section: Discussion Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Frequency Radio Emission of the Lightning Discharge

Karashtin

Shlyugaev

Gurevich

2005

Radiophys Quantum Electron

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UDC 533.951A special system created to register short electromagnetic pulses has been used to study highfrequency (0.1-30 MHz) radio emission of lightning discharges. It has been shown that the emission is a sequence of short pulses. The shape, width, and amplitude of the first (bipolar) pulse agree with those predicted by theory with account for the combined action of the effect of the runaway electron breakdown and an extensive atmospheric shower for the energy of the initial particle of the order of 10 16 eV.

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“…This latter result, on the one hand this seems suggested by the intrinsic non-locality and non-commutative geometry imposed by the interplay of the quantum and gravitational realms [21], and on the other by hand (which seems to contain the same physical origin) by more formal studies devoted to investigating non-commutative space-time. Therefore, it is clear that that deformations of the Poincaré symmetries, whether expected on the grounds of the latest data on ultra high-energy cosmic rays, or on the basis of more theoretical grounds, shall have far reaching consequences for the entire structure on which the present theoretical physics is based [35][36][37][38][39]. In this context, it is relevant to note that the instance Poincaré symmetries are deformed one must expect a modification of the principle of equivalence also.…”

Section: Discussion: Possible Role Of Gravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A CP-violating kinematic structure

Ahluwalia¹

2001

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. A CP violating kinematic structure is presented. The essential physical input is to question the textbook wisdom, "Now when a particle is at rest, one cannot define its spin as either left-or right-handed, so φ R (0) = φ L (0)," as found, e.g., in Lewis Ryder's Quantum Field Theory, and in many other books on the representations of the Lorentz group. It is suggested that this equality is true only up to a phase. The demand of C, P, and T covariances, separately, fixes this phase to be ±1. If these conditions are relaxed, a natural CP-violating kinematic structure emerges. Having established a CP-violating kinematic structure, we then discuss how Planck scale physics necessarily invokes non-commutative space-time and that such changes in the structure of spacetime will force upon us additional violations/deformations of the CPT structure of space-time, and a violation of the principle of equivalence via a violation of the Lorentz symmetries. The latter may carry significant consequences for understanding the data on ultra high energy cosmic rays.

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Physics of Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays

Cited by 54 publications

References 41 publications

Tau neutrinos in the Auger Observatory: a new window to UHECR sources

Tau neutrinos in the Auger Observatory: a new window to UHECR sources

High-Frequency Radio Emission of the Lightning Discharge

A CP-violating kinematic structure

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