“…Chemical heterogeneities play an important role in mantle dynamics and an accurate numerical method to treat them in geodynamic models is of prime importance [Tackley, 1998;McNamara and Zhong, 2004]. Several techniques are used to track the composition field in computational fluid dynamics, and the particle-incell method (PIC), which advects composition-carrying particles with the ambient velocity field, is found to be a very flexible and robust method to model many geodynamical problems [Van Keken et al, 1997;Tackley and King, 2003] and is commonly used in the mantle convection community [e.g., Van Keken et al, 1997;Schmeling, 2000;Gerya and Yuen, 2003b;Moresi et al, 2003;Tackley and King, 2003;Ballmer et al, 2009].…”