Physicochemical properties of new starches isolated from Dioscorea opposita Thunb. bulbils

Abstract

Morphological, crystal, and physicochemical properties, such as AM content, swelling power, solubility, and pasting properties of starches isolated from three different Shanyaodou (the bulbils of Dioscorea opposita Thunb., named Huaishanyao, Xichangmaoshanyao, and Maoshanyao, respectively) were investigated. The yield of starches was in the range 12.5-20.8% (dry starch/fresh whole bulbils). The AM content of Shanyaodou starches ranged from 33.3 to 36.7%. The shape of the three bulbils starch granules varied from round to oval or elliptic. The mean particle diameter of starch granules varied from 20.17 to 26.34 mm. Shanyaodou starches exhibited a C-type XRD pattern and the degree of crystallinity was in the range 31.0-34.9%. The pasting peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity of Shanyaodou starches ranged from 291.1 to 414.7, 210.8 to 227.0, and 350.0 to 359.2 rapid visco units (RVU), respectively, and the pasting temperature was in the range 83.6-87.38C. The results showed that some of the Shanyaodou starches could be used in foods production as a thickening agent. The simple method of extraction and the high yield of starch from Shanyaodou might be attractive for production of Shanyaodou starch.

Physicochemical properties and release characteristics of starches from seeds of Indian Shahi Litchi

“…Starches from different sources are varied in their morphological, structural and physicochemical properties physicochemical properties. The diverse applications of starch demands specific functional characteristics [4,5]. In pharmaceutical industries, starch is used as an excipient for drug delivery, as binder, disintegrants, suspending agent and emulsifying agent [6].…”

Isolation, Composition, Structure, Properties, Modifications, and Uses of Yam Starch

“…Starch yield (the ratio of resulting starch to tuber by weight) has been mostly reported on a laboratory scale. The yield of starch from D. rotundata (Moorthy and Nair ), D. opposita (Zhou and others ), D. esculenta , and D. alata (Jayakody and others ) ranged from 10% to 25% (wet basis), and from D. alata , D. cayenensis , D. dumetorum , and D. esculenta ranged from 85% to 88% (dry basis) (Emiola and Delarosa ). Starch recovery (the ratio of the resulting starch to the original starch in the tuber by weight) from yam tubers has not been given in most of the reports.…”

Comparison of Structural and Functional Properties of Starches from the Rhizome and Bulbil of Chinese Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.)

“…Starch consists mainly of linear amylose and highly branched amylopectin and is stored as semicrystalline granules [ 1 ]. Starch not only is used as food to provide nutrition for humans and animals, but also is widely used as an important ingredient in the food, textile, medicine, papermaking, casting, metallurgy, petroleum, and chemical industries [ 2 ]. The diversified applicability of starch demands specific structural and functional properties.…”

“…Some studies have reported the structural and functional properties of starches from commercial important sources, such as cereals, tubers, and legumes [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. In recent years, in order to save food, broaden the source of starches, and develop new functional starches, substantial efforts have been made to find starches from non-conventional sources and study their structural and functional properties [ 2 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

“…Its structural and functional properties have been studied by some previous reports [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. The bulbil, also known as Shanyaodou (in Chinese), is an aerial tuber of Chinese yam, which is generated from leaf axil [ 2 , 19 ]. The bulbil can be released from the parent plant and grow independently into a new plant, making it an important propagation organ [ 13 , 19 ].…”