Physicochemical properties and cytopathogenicity of an adenovirus-like agent isolated from corn snake (Elaphe guttata)

Juhász, Attila; Ahne, W.

doi:10.1007/bf01309671

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Snake adenovirus type 1 (SnAdV-1) was first isolated from a corn snake (Elaphe guttata), propagated on a viper heart cell line (VH2), fully sequenced, and assigned to the Atadenovirus genus (Farkas et al, 2008;Juhasz and Ahne, 1993). Here we determine the protein composition of the SnAdV-1 virion, characterize its thermostability, and analyze its structure using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and protein crystallography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of a Reptilian Adenovirus Reveals a Phage Tailspike Fold Stabilizing a Vertebrate Virus Capsid

et al. 2017

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Although non-human adenoviruses (AdVs) might offer solutions to problems posed by human AdVs as therapeutic vectors, little is known about their basic biology. In particular, there are no structural studies on the complete virion of any AdV with a non-mammalian host. We combine mass spectrometry, cryo-electron microscopy, and protein crystallography to characterize the composition and structure of a snake AdV (SnAdV-1, Atadenovirus genus). SnAdV-1 particles contain the genus-specific proteins LH3, p32k, and LH2, a previously unrecognized structural component. Remarkably, the cementing protein LH3 has a trimeric β helix fold typical of bacteriophage host attachment proteins. The organization of minor coat proteins differs from that in human AdVs, correlating with higher thermostability in SnAdV-1. These findings add a new piece to the intriguing puzzle of virus evolution, hint at the use of cell entry pathways different from those in human AdVs, and will help development of new, thermostable SnAdV-1-based vectors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of a Reptilian Adenovirus Reveals a Phage Tailspike Fold Stabilizing a Vertebrate Virus Capsid

et al. 2017

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“…Although the frequent occurrence of AdV in different reptilian specimens was well documented (37, 38), for a long time, only a few cases of successful isolation and in vitro propagation were known (39,40). A consensus nested PCR, targeting a conserved region of the DNA-dependent DNA polymerase gene (pol) of AdVs, has been used successfully to detect novel atadenoviruses in lizards of six different species (11).…”

Section: Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of a Lizard Adenovirus Reveals the First Atadenovirus with Two Fiber Genes and the First Adenovirus with Either One Short or Three Long Fibers per Penton

Pénzes

Menéndez-Conejero

Condezo

et al. 2014

J Virol

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Although adenoviruses (AdVs) have been found in a wide variety of reptiles, including numerous squamate species, turtles, and crocodiles, the number of reptilian adenovirus isolates is still scarce. The only fully sequenced reptilian adenovirus, snake adenovirus 1 (SnAdV-1), belongs to the Atadenovirus genus. Recently, two new atadenoviruses were isolated from a captive Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum) and Mexican beaded lizards (Heloderma horridum). Here we report the full genomic and proteomic characterization of the latter, designated lizard adenovirus 2 (LAdV-2). The double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome of LAdV-2 is 32,965 bp long, with an average G؉C content of 44.16%. The overall arrangement and gene content of the LAdV-2 genome were largely concordant with those in other atadenoviruses, except for four novel open reading frames (ORFs) at the right end of the genome. Phylogeny reconstructions and plesiomorphic traits shared with SnAdV-1 further supported the assignment of LAdV-2 to the Atadenovirus genus. Surprisingly, two fiber genes were found for the first time in an atadenovirus. After optimizing the production of LAdV-2 in cell culture, we determined the protein compositions of the virions. The two fiber genes produce two fiber proteins of different sizes that are incorporated into the viral particles. Interestingly, the two different fiber proteins assemble as either one short or three long fiber projections per vertex. Stoichiometry estimations indicate that the long fiber triplet is present at only one or two vertices per virion. Neither triple fibers nor a mixed number of fibers per vertex had previously been reported for adenoviruses or any other virus. IMPORTANCEHere we show that a lizard adenovirus, LAdV-2, has a penton architecture never observed before. LAdV-2 expresses two fiber proteins-one short and one long. In the virion, most vertices have one short fiber, but a few of them have three long fibers attached to the same penton base. This observation raises new intriguing questions on virus structure. How can the triple fiber attach to a pentameric vertex? What determines the number and location of each vertex type in the icosahedral particle? Since fibers are responsible for primary attachment to the host, this novel architecture also suggests a novel mode of cell entry for LAdV-2. Adenoviruses have a recognized potential in nanobiomedicine, but only a few of the more than 200 types found so far in nature have been characterized in detail. Exploring the taxonomic wealth of adenoviruses should improve our chances to successfully use them as therapeutic tools.A denoviruses (AdVs) occur commonly in humans and in a large spectrum of animals representing every major class of vertebrates (1). Individual AdV types are generally restricted to a single host species, suggesting a long common evolutionary history. Nonetheless, numerous examples of hypothesized host switches have also been described (2). The family Adenoviridae is currently divided into five officially approved genera (1). The...

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“…AdV-like particles have been identified in many reptile species, including 10 snake species (22,28,36,38,40,43,47), 4 lizard species (24,27,29,30), and 1 crocodilian species (25). Lesions in reptiles associated with AdV-like agents include hepatitis (25,27,29,43), enteritis (22,30,47), esophagitis (24,40), splenitis (22), and encephalopathy (41).…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection and Analysis of Six Lizard Adenoviruses by Consensus Primer PCR Provides Further Evidence of a Reptilian Origin for the Atadenoviruses

Wellehan¹,

Johnson²,

Harrach

et al. 2004

J Virol

276

247

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A consensus nested-PCR method was designed for investigation of the DNA polymerase gene of adenoviruses. Gene fragments were amplified and sequenced from six novel adenoviruses from seven lizard species, including four species from which adenoviruses had not previously been reported. Host species included Gila monster, leopard gecko, fat-tail gecko, blue-tongued skink, Tokay gecko, bearded dragon, and mountain chameleon. This is the first sequence information from lizard adenoviruses. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these viruses belong to the genus Atadenovirus, supporting the reptilian origin of atadenoviruses. This PCR method may be useful for obtaining templates for initial sequencing of novel adenoviruses.

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Physicochemical properties and cytopathogenicity of an adenovirus-like agent isolated from corn snake (Elaphe guttata)

Cited by 32 publications

References 22 publications

Structure of a Reptilian Adenovirus Reveals a Phage Tailspike Fold Stabilizing a Vertebrate Virus Capsid

Structure of a Reptilian Adenovirus Reveals a Phage Tailspike Fold Stabilizing a Vertebrate Virus Capsid

Molecular Characterization of a Lizard Adenovirus Reveals the First Atadenovirus with Two Fiber Genes and the First Adenovirus with Either One Short or Three Long Fibers per Penton

Detection and Analysis of Six Lizard Adenoviruses by Consensus Primer PCR Provides Further Evidence of a Reptilian Origin for the Atadenoviruses

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