Physicochemical Properties and Cellular Toxicity of Nanocrystal Quantum Dots Depend on Their Surface Modification

Hoshino, Akihiro; Fujioka, Kouki; Oku, Taisuke; Suga, Masakazu; Sasaki, Yu; Ohta, Toshihiro; Yasuhara, Masato; Suzuki, Kazuo; Yamamoto, Kenji

doi:10.1021/nl048715d

Cited by 918 publications

(653 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In spite of the large number of studies aimed at establishing the biological activity of nanoparticles and the influence of important physico-chemical parameters such as size, surface properties, crystal phase and others (Hoshino et al 2004;Magrez et al 2006;Oberdorster et al 2005b); the use of appropriate dose metrics needs to be carefully considered. For example, to determine the effect of size of the nanoparticle on biological activity, should comparisons of activity or biological response be based on the mass of the sample, as is done in conventional toxicological studies, or should the metric be total surface area when comparing effects of different sized particles?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does nanoparticle activity depend upon size and crystal phase?

et al. 2008

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A method to investigate the dependence of the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles (e.g. size, surface area and crystal phase) on their oxidant generating capacity is proposed and demonstrated for TiO 2 nanoparticles. Gas phase synthesis methods that allow for strict control of size and crystal phase were used to prepare TiO 2 nanoparticles. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating capacity of these particles was then measured. The size dependent ROS activity was established using TiO 2 nanoparticles of 9 different sizes (4 -195 nm) but the same crystal phase. For a fixed total surface area, an S-shaped curve for ROS generation per unit surface area was observed as a function of particle size. The highest ROS activity per unit area was observed for 30 nm particles, and observed to be constant above 30 nm. There was a decrease in activity per unit area as size decreased from 30 nm to 10 nm; and again constant for particles smaller than 10 nm. The correlation between crystal phase and oxidant capacity was established using TiO 2 nanoparticles of 11 different crystal phase combinations but similar size. The ability of different crystal phases of TiO 2 nanoparticles to generate ROS was highest for amorphous, followed by anatase, and then anatase/rutile mixtures, and lowest for rutile samples. Based on evaluation of the entire dataset, important dose metrics for ROS generation are established. Their implications of these ROS studies on biological and toxicological studies using nanomaterials are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does nanoparticle activity depend upon size and crystal phase?

et al. 2008

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“…Surface derivatization and light exposure are known to greatly affect the toxicity of semiconductor nanoparticles (20,69,70), TiO2 nanoparticles (71,72), and fullerenes (45,48,(73)(74)(75)(76). Many believe that surface coatings have the potential to greatly alter the toxicity, solubility, reactivity, bioavailability, and catalytic properties of underlying nanoparticles, thus minimizing their health and environmental impacts.…”

Section: Research Outcomes and The Risks Of Nanotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the event that the surface coating does not persist, CdSe (like CdTe and CdS) is known to be toxic in bulk form and may be particularly reactive and bioavailable in nanoparticulate form. Meanwhile, watersoluble CdSe quantum dots without surface coatings can cause DNA damage (78) and can be toxic to cells (20,69,70,79), although the mechanism for toxicity is still being debated in the literature.…”

Section: Research Outcomes and The Risks Of Nanotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Risks of Nanotechnology: National Nanotechnology Initiative Funding, 2000−2004

Guzmán

Taylor

Banfield

2006

Environ. Sci. Technol.

257

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By considering risk in the early stages of a technology, costs of identifying important health and environmental impacts after a technology has widely diffused can be avoided. Nanotechnology, involving materials and objects less than 100 nm in size, is an important case in point. In this paper we analyze the research priorities discussed by various interest groups concerned with the environmental risks of nanotechnology, evaluate the distribution of federal environmental nanotechnology R&D funding, and discuss research in this field. Overall federal environmental R&D funding to date is limited and focuses more on the positive environmental applications of nanotechnology than on basic knowledge/research, tools for nanoenvironmental research, or the potential risks of nanotechnology. The situation began to change in 2004 when a significant increase occurred in federal R&D funding for the environmental implications of engineered nanomaterials. Though literature exits on the exposure, transport, and toxicity of incidental nanoparticles, little work has been published on the environmental risks of engineered nanoparticles.

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“…Most of the above cell and animal experiments showed that when properly capped by both ZnS and hydrophilic shells, no obvious CdSe nanocrystal toxicity was observed under normal experimental conditions. Several groups have varied parameters such as synthesis, surface coating and incubation concentration to further investigate the potential toxicities of nanocrystals [24,[43][44][45]. Cytotoxicity was observed when Cd 2+ or Se 2+ ions were released.…”

Section: Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiconductor nanocrystals for biological imaging

Larabell

et al. 2005

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

172

131

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Summary of Recent AdvancesConventional organic fluorophores suffer from poor photo stability, narrow absorption spectra and broad emission feature. Semiconductor nanocrystals, on the other hand, are highly photo-stable with broad absorption spectra and narrow size-tunable emission spectra. Recent advances in the synthesis of these materials have resulted in bright, sensitive, extremely photo-stable and biocompatible semiconductor fluorophores.Commercial availability facilitates their application in a variety of unprecedented biological experiments, including multiplexed cellular imaging, long-term in vitro and in vivo labeling, deep tissue structure mapping and single particle investigation of dynamic cellular processes. Semiconductor nanocrystals are one of the first examples of nanotechnology enabling a new class of biomedical applications.

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Physicochemical Properties and Cellular Toxicity of Nanocrystal Quantum Dots Depend on Their Surface Modification

Cited by 918 publications

References 32 publications

Does nanoparticle activity depend upon size and crystal phase?

Does nanoparticle activity depend upon size and crystal phase?

Environmental Risks of Nanotechnology: National Nanotechnology Initiative Funding, 2000−2004

Semiconductor nanocrystals for biological imaging

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