Physicochemical Parameters of Nitramines Influencing Shock Sensitivity

Heijden, A.E.D.M. van der; Bouma, R.H.B.; Steen, A.C. van der

doi:10.1002/prep.200400058

Cited by 61 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It was proposed that this decrease in impact sensitivity comes from a reduction of imperfections or dislocations in a crystal. Also, it has been shown that particles with a spherical shape are less sensitive to initiation as well [74,75].…”

Section: Ii14 Ultra-high Pressure Supercritical Fluid Processing Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano Engineered Energetic Materials (NEEM)

Dlott¹,

Eden²,

Girolami³

et al. 2011

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The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. The ARO Nano Engineered Energetic Materials (NEEM) MURI program has been exploring new methodologies for developing energetic material formulations with control of all constituents over a wide range of length scales from 1 nm to 1 mm and larger and employing the latest techniques in molecular self-assembly and supramolecular chemistry for synthesizing and assembling NEEMs. The synthetic efforts have been guided by theoretical calculations and dynamic performance testing methodologies that also operate on all length scales. This final report ABSTRACTThe ARO Nano Engineered Energetic Materials (NEEM) MURI program has been exploring new methodologies for developing energetic material formulations with control of all constituents over a wide range of length scales from 1 nm to 1 mm and larger and employing the latest techniques in molecular self-assembly and supramolecular chemistry for synthesizing and assembling NEEMs. The synthetic efforts have been guided by theoretical calculations and dynamic performance testing methodologies that also operate on all length scales. This final report provides a summary of the accomplishments. In particular, new methods to generate metal nanoclusters were developed that are stabilized against environmental degradation while preserving their high energy content. Rapid expansion supercritical solution processes were developed and applied to synthesize nanosized particulate oxidizers and energetic oxidizer shell/fuel core composites. Surface science and experimental chemistry methods were applied to study the structures and energy releasing reaction pathways of NEEMs. Unique diagnostic capabilities were developed and applied to study the fundamental mechanisms that underlie NEEM dynamic performance. Combustion mechanisms of various NEEMs, including nanothermites and nanoparticulate fuel/liquid oxidizer systems, were experimentally analyzed. The reactive and thermal characteristics of NEEMs were studied using large (billion atoms) multiscale simulations that couple quantum-mechanical calculations to molecular dynamics calculations. In particular, the stability, structure and energetics of metallic nanoparticles with a special focus on the relationships between particle size, shape and excess surface free energy were studied. A unified theory of ignition and combustion of aluminum particles for a wide range of sizes, from nano to meso scales was established. . 12, 777-787 (2010 (b) Papers published in non-peer-reviewed journals or in conference proceedings (N/A for none)18.00 Number of Papers published in peer-reviewed journals:Number of Papers published in non peer-reviewed journals:1. USC group, "Multibillion-atom simulations of nano-mechano-chemistry on petaflops computers," First

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Section: Ii14 Ultra-high Pressure Supercritical Fluid Processing Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano Engineered Energetic Materials (NEEM)

Dlott¹,

Eden²,

Girolami³

et al. 2011

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“…The collapse of voids of sub‐micron dimensions is crucial for the initiation and stable propagation of a detonation. We are able to control the shock sensitivity of explosives, albeit empirically, by controlling the defect content of the explosive grains and through processing steps that reduce the severity of stress concentrators .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpreting Experimental Results from Shock Impacts on Single Crystal PETN in the Context of Continuum Models

Luscher

Cawkwell

Ramos

et al. 2019

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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In this paper we interpret previous experimental measurements of impacts on single crystal PETN in the context of a simple continuum model. Hugoniot calculations using the simple model framework under various limiting assumptions envelope measured Hugoniot states reasonably well and suggest that non‐negligible deviatoric elastic strains may exist in the shock compressed state for weak impacts. An accompanying simple kinematic model for lattice deformation was used to estimate the expected shifts in X‐ray diffraction peaks for the (211) plane under impacts normal to (110) planes. The results suggest that negligible relaxation of the deviatoric lattice deformation occurs on the short (10–20 ns) time and wave propagation (40–80 m) scales of laser‐driven shock experiments, and that the corresponding elastic strains may be large. Because of the potentially large deviatoric elastic strains, the specific finite deformation strain measure used within thermomechanical single crystal models is of significant consequence, which is explored numerically by the comparison of isothermal purely elastic responses under uniaxial and simple shear deformations.

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“…The effort was motivated by the progress on studying and controlling of voids (e.g. empty space) in explosives for insensitive munitions [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], as voids can assist the formation of hot spots, igniting the surrounding materials and leading to detonation under external mechanical stimuli such as shocks or impacts [14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%