Physicochemical Factors Influencing Growth and Pigment Synthesis by Micrococcus Roseus

Thierry, O. C.; Cooney, J. J.

doi:10.1139/m66-095

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…First, at a simple level, H. halobium produces more pigment when grown in the light than in the dark (A. D. Brown, unpublished observation). In this respect it resembles other carotenoid-pigmented bacteria (136).…”

Section: Gcl-p-p --Gcl-p + P1mentioning

confidence: 61%

Microbial water stress.

Brown¹

1976

Bacteriological Reviews

517

254

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Section: Gcl-p-p --Gcl-p + P1mentioning

confidence: 61%

Microbial water stress.

Brown¹

1976

Bacteriological Reviews

517

254

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“…The action spectrum of the stimulation of aerobic carotenogenesis in one Mycobacterium resembles a flavoprotein and in another a cytochrome (2). Visible light does not stimulate carotenogenesis in some bacteria (21,34) as in S. aureus U-71 (10). Visible light, however, has been shown to stimulate carotenogenesis in some other strains of S. aureus (31,32).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many bacteria carotenogenesis is maximal under growth conditions in which growth is maximal (21,34), and these lipids tend to accumulate in the stationary phase of growth (10,21,32). Lowering the temperature of growth from 37 to 22 C results in an inhibition of carotenoid formation in some strains of S. aureus (32), although in other strains, including U-71, lowering the temperature of growth stimulated carotenogenesis (39; Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Membrane Lipid Composition in Exponentially Growing Staphylococcus aureus During the Shift from 37 to 25 C

1970

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Lowering the temperature of growth of Staphylococcus aureus from 37 to 25 C decreased the growth rate and induced changes in the composition of the membrane lipids. Changes in lipid composition also occur in the transition between exponential and stationary growth phases at one temperature. To isolate the effects of lowering the temperature, exponentially growing S. aureus was abruptly switched from 37 to 25 C by transfer to cooler medium. Exponential growth continued at 25 C without a lag period but with a threefold increase in doubling time. In the period of exponential growth at suboptimal temperature, there was essentially no change in the fatty acid composition of the lipids, little change in the vitamin K2 composition with perhaps a slight increase in the total level, and essentially no change in the phospholipid composition, but a marked stimulation of the synthesis of the rubixanthins. Growth of cells at 25 C was much more sensitive to the inhibition of rubixanthin formation by mixed-function oxidase inhibitors than cells growing at 37 C, suggesting some function for the rubixanthins at suboptimal temperatures. The striking increases in the proportions of monoenoic fatty acids observed at lowered growth temperatures in many biological systems are not detected in S. aureus.

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“…Seventeen Kocuria species have been so far described: K. varians (Stackebrandt et al, 1995), K. rosea (formerly Sarcina erythromyxa, then Micrococcus roseus, Deinococcus erythromyxa and K. erythromyxa) (Stackebrandt et al, 1995;Kovács et al, 1999;Cooney & Berry, 1981;Schwartzel & Cooney, 1970Ungers & Cooney, 1968;Thierry & Cooney, 1966), K. kristinae (Stackebrandt et al, 1995), K. palustris (Kovács et al, 1999), K. rhizophila (Kovács et al, 1999, K. marina (Kim et al, 2004), K. polaris (Reddy et al, 2003), K. aegyptia (Li et al, 2006), K. carniphila (Tvrzová et al, 2005), K. himachalensis (Mayilraj et al, 2006), K. flava (Zhou et al, 2008), K. turfanensis (Zhou et al, 2008), K. atrinae (Park et al, 2010a), K. gwangalliensis (Seo et al, 2009), K. halotolerans (Tang et al, 2009), K. koreensis (Park et al, 2010b) and K. salsicia (Yun et al, 2010).…”

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug sensitivity and clinical impact of members of the genus Kocuria

Savini

Catavitello

Masciarelli

et al. 2010

Journal of Medical Microbiology

112

123

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Organisms in the genus Kocuria are Gram-positive, coagulase-negative, coccoid actinobacteria belonging to the family Micrococcaceae, suborder Micrococcineae, order Actinomycetales. Sporadic reports in the literature have dealt with infections by Kocuria species, mostly in compromised hosts with serious underlying conditions. Nonetheless, the number of infectious processes caused by such bacteria may be higher than currently believed, given that misidentification by phenotypic assays has presumably affected estimates of the prevalence over the years. As a further cause for concern, guidelines for therapy of illnesses involving Kocuria species are lacking, mostly due to the absence of established criteria for evaluating Kocuria replication or growth inhibition in the presence of antibiotics. Therefore, breakpoints for staphylococci have been widely used throughout the literature to try to understand this pathogen's behaviour under drug exposure; unfortunately, this has sometimes created confusion, thus higlighting the urgent need for specific interpretive criteria, along with a deeper investigation into the resistance determinants within this genus. We therefore review the published data on cultural, genotypic and clinical aspects of the genus Kocuria, aiming to shed some light on these emerging nosocomial pathogens. IntroductionThe genus Kocuria was named after Miroslav Kocur, a Slovakian microbiologist, and belongs to the family Micrococcaceae, suborder Micrococcineae, order Actinomycetales, class Actinobacteria (Takarada et al., 2008;Zhou et al., 2008;Lee et al., 2009;Stackebrandt et al., 1995). It includes Gram-positive, strictly aerobic (a few exceptions are Kocuria kristinae, which is facultatively anaerobic, Kocuria marina, which may grow in 5 % CO 2 , and Kocuria rhizophila strain DC2201, which can proliferate anaerobically), catalasepositive, coagulase-negative, non-haemolytic cocci. These are also non-encapsulated, non-endospore-forming, non-halophilic, mesophilic, non-motile and Voges-Proskauer (production of indole and acetoin)-negative, and do not possess mycolic or teichoic acids. Kocuria species can be differentiated from other members of the Actinomycetales based on the presence of galactosamine and glucosamine as main cell wall amino sugars, the peptidoglycan type L-Lys-Ala 3/4 , the fatty acid anteisio-C 15 : 0 , the polar lipids diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol, MK-7(H 2 ) and MK-8(H 2 ) as major menaquinones and a DNA G+C content of 60.0-75.3 mol%, depending on the species. Organisms in the genus are environmental bacteria, as well as human skin and oropharynx mucosa commensals; nevertheless, they can be responsible for infectious processes which mostly complicate severe underlying diseases. Owing to misidentification by phenotypic typing over the years, clinical syndromes caused by these agents are believed to be rare; however, the prevalence of such infectious pathologies is presumably higher and will surely increase in the coming years, as soon as genome-based identification i...

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Physicochemical Factors Influencing Growth and Pigment Synthesis by Micrococcus Roseus

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Microbial water stress.

Microbial water stress.

Changes in Membrane Lipid Composition in Exponentially Growing Staphylococcus aureus During the Shift from 37 to 25 C

Drug sensitivity and clinical impact of members of the genus Kocuria

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