Physicochemical Characterization of Nine Cassava (<i>Manihot esculenta</i> Crantz) Cultivars from Chad

Abstract

In Chad, despite the multiple culinary uses of cassava leaves and tubers, their nutritional values are untapped. In this study, the physicochemical compositions and structure of nine cultivars were assessed. The proteins were obtained by Kjeldahl's method. Total sugars were determined according to the Luff-Schoorl method. For starch content, the polarimetric method of Earle and Milner was used. Mineral elements were carried out using an atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The cyanide was evaluated by the method of Williams and Edwards. Significant variability has been demonstrated in the leaves and dry tubers except for water content and dry matter. Analysis of the variances of the components of the tubers reveals that the water contents of the cultivars vary from 5.01% to 5.86%. The ash contents vary from 4.23% (cultivar DVA2) to 8.32% (cultivar DVL2). For total sugars, the values are between 53.63% (cultivar DVL2) and 57.99% (cultivars DVL12 and KA0303). The fiber contents are lower and vary from 1.74% (cultivar DVL12) to 1.92% (cultivars SB1366, DVA2, TL0101 and PG1314). The starch content varies from 28.93% (cultivar DVL12) to 31.05% (cultivar SB1366). The variations in mineral constituents of the tubers in mg/100g are Ca (145.21-250.08), Mg (83.89-165.22), P (147.34-360.78), K (1534.50-3064.09), Zn (0.75-0.82) and Mn (0.78-0.89). Iron concentrations are from 7.72 mg/100g (cultivar BA0909) to 60.62 mg/100g (cultivar DVA2). Analysis of the variances of the leaf constituents reveals high contents of Calcium for SB1366 (2108.41 mg/100g), of iron (Fe 54.26 mg/100g) and potassium (K 1866.86 mg/100g) for DVL12, of phosphorus for TL0101 (471.87 mg/100g), of phosphorus (470.36 mg/100g

Evaluation of Nutritional Potential and Effect of Processing on Improving Nutrient Content of Cassava (Mannihot esculenta crantz) Root and Leaves

“…The variations might be due to the mineral content of the soil from which the plants absorb their nutrients. The values were similar to those found by [28] in which the mineral concentrations of cassava root were Ca (22.4-238.6 mg/100g), Mg (24.52-165.22 mg/100g), Fe (75.38-606.37ppm), and K (22.42-22.44 mg/100g) and higher than that reported by [27] in which the content was between Ca(13.15-18.09mg/100g), Fe (0.00-0.01mg/100g), Zn (0.56-0.87mg/100g), and Mg (0.56-0.87mg/100g) (3.58-3.88). The values in this study were comparable with that reported by [29] in which the mineral contents were in the range between Ca(79.196-115.284mg/100g), Na(25.58-28.25ppm), K(69.28-76.41mg/100g), Fe(412.70-422.48ppm), Mg(31.76-33.34mg/100g), and Zn(17.52-22.46ppm).…”

“…The variations might be due to the mineral content of the soil from which the plants absorb their nutrients. The values were similar to those found by [28] ). [19] in their investigation reported the mineral content of cassava leaves as K(1380-2260 mg/100g), Ca(430-1140 mg/100g), Mg(260-370 mg/100g), Na(38-120 mg/100g), Fe(15-27 mg/100g), and Zn(12-21 mg/100g).…”

“…The values in this study were comparable with that reported by [29] in which the mineral contents were in the range between Ca(79.196-115.284mg/100g), Na(25.58-28.25ppm), K(69.28-76.41mg/100g), Fe(412.70-422.48ppm), Mg(31.76-33.34mg/100g), and Zn(17.52-22.46ppm). While Several cassava leave varieties showed mineral concentrations in the range between Ca(31.1-1360mg/100g), K(27.08-1870mg/100g), Mg(15.77-488.78mg/100g) and Fe(15.77-488.78ppm) and Zn(20.2-542.71ppm) as per [28]. According to [30], cassava leaves contains Ca (680mg/100g), Mg (20-70mg/100g), K (120-160mg/100g), Na (32.78-33.45ppm), Fe (321.32-458.08ppm) and Zn (321.32-458.08ppm) (36.25-68.95ppm).…”

“…The values in this study were comparable with that reported by [29] in which the mineral contents were in the range between Ca(79.196-115.284mg/100g), Na(25.58-28.25ppm), K(69. 28 [28]. According to [30], cassava leaves contains Ca (680mg/100g), Mg (20-70mg/100g), K (120-160mg/100g), Na (32.78-33.45ppm), Fe (321.32-458.08ppm) and Zn (321.32-458.08ppm) (36.25-68.95ppm).…”

Extraction and Characterization of Starch from Cassava Peels

“…Maraphum et al [43] demonstrated that cassava starch contents present high variability, observing values in the range of 26.68-44.99%. These values are within the range observed in a study performed by Nadjiam et al, [44] where starch contents of different cassava cultivars ranged from 28.93% to 31.05%. It can be observed that the 23.2% content determined in our study is interesting, considering that this starch comes from the cassava peels, and that these are residues that are usually discarded.…”