Physicochemical characteristics of a novel activated carbon produced from tea industry waste

Gündoğdu, Ali; Duran, Celal; Şentürk, Hasan Basri; Soylak, Mustafa; İmamoğlu, Mustafa; Önal, Yunus

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2013.07.008

Cited by 156 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The first thermal event appears between 23-154 °C with a weight loss of 9.1 wt.%, probably due to the endothermic removal of physically and chemically adsorbed water from the TiO 2 nanoparticles. 39,40 In the second step, a weight loss of 6.5 wt.% at the temperature range of 154-419 °C may be associated with the decomposition of amorphous carbon layers and loss of hydroxyl groups on the TiO 2 nanocrystal, 40,41 and the final weight loss from 419 to 616 °C (3.9 wt.%) refers to an exothermic process and can be attributed to the combustion of carbon 39 and to the anatase to rutile phase transition. In the thermal characterization of AC, an exothermic event was observed between 352 and 583 °C, with a high weight loss, approximately 80% ( Figure S2), assigned to the combustion of carbonaceous material.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Synergistic UV-A Photocatalytic Degradation of Estrogens by Nano-TiO₂Supported on Activated Carbon

Rosa¹,

Nossol²,

Nossol³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Many studies have reported significant improvements in the photocatalytic degradation capacity of TiO 2 immobilized in carbonaceous materials, mainly due to a well-characterized synergistic effect. The photocatalytic degradation of the estrogens 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethynylestradiol was evaluated using 1 mg L -1 aqueous solutions, employing a nanocomposite containing TiO 2 and activated carbon (TiO 2 -AC) prepared by sol-gel technique. The synthesized materials were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These techniques allowed to estimate the carbon proportion (11.4 wt.%), the phase composition (anatase: 80.2%, brookite: 14.0%, and rutile: 5.8%) and the superficial morphology. Using UV-A radiation provided by a high pressure mercury vapor lamp (125 W) and the synthesized photocatalysts, it was observed the almost complete removal of both estrogens in times shorter than 10 minutes. Considering the similarity between the degradation percentage of nanocomposites (TiO 2 and TiO 2 -AC), no synergistic effects between AC and TiO 2 could be assumed. Keywords: titanium dioxide/activated carbon, nanocomposite, photocatalysis, estrogens IntroductionOver the last two decades, many studies have demonstrated the high degradation capacity of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In general, homogeneous 1 and heterogeneous systems 2 promote fast degradation of resistant substrates, mainly due to the high oxidizing capacity of the in situ generated hydroxyl radical. 3 In the context of the AOPs, heterogeneous photocatalysis occupies a prominent place, particularly when assisted by titanium dioxide. 4 Many recalcitrant organic pollutants have been efficiently degraded by TiO 2 -photocatalysis, including azo dyes, 5 pharmaceuticals 6 and estrogens. 7 Typically, the process is applied as slurry systems, consisting in a suspension of fine powdered TiO 2 . Because of these characteristics, the separation of the catalyst is expensive and time demanding, which often causes a significant reduction in the benefits of the usual mineralization of the organic substrates. Combinations between TiO 2 and carbonaceous materials have been widely explored since the 1990s, with results that demonstrate significant synergistic effects that increase the catalytic activity.14 In this context, the use of activated carbon (AC) is particularly attractive, because of providing a high surface area for distribution and immobilization of TiO 2 .14 According to the current literature, the synergistically enhanced photocatalytic activity observed with the use of TiO 2 -AC composites may be explained by the high adsorption capacity of AC and by the consequent enrichment of target molecules around the catalyst.14-17 Although the positive effect of AC on the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO 2 is observed with simple mechanical mixtures, 18 it is admitted that the synergetic effect can be maximized by a more intimate contact between the components, which can normall...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Synergistic UV-A Photocatalytic Degradation of Estrogens by Nano-TiO₂Supported on Activated Carbon

Rosa¹,

Nossol²,

Nossol³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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“…ZnCl 2 as a dehydrating agent is able to interact with oxygen functional groups and promotes the decomposition of the carbonaceous precursors during the high-temperature pyrolysis process. [33][34][35] Meanwhile, the pore structure in the carbon matrix are formed upon extensive post-pyrolysis washing of the pores. 36 It is well known that high surface area is a primary requirement for obtaining high speci¯c capacitance for carbon electrodes.…”

Section: Synthesis and Microstructure Characterizations Of N-pcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-Doped High Surface Area Carbon as Efficient Electrode Material for Supercapacitors

Sun

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2016

NANO

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Polyaspartic acid-based nitrogen-doped porous carbon (N-PC) has been prepared by one-step activation and carbonization of polyaspartic acid at 800 C in N 2 atmosphere. The morphologies and structures of products are characterized by X-ray di®raction, element analysis, scanning electron microscopy and N 2 adsorption-desorption. The characterizations show that the morphologies and structures of the N-PC deeply depend on the additive amount of activating agent. The as-prepared activated carbon possesses irregular surface morphology with high surface area in the range of 1600-1800 m 2 g À1 . Furthermore, the activated carbon possesses proper amount of micropore and mesopore structures. As an electrode material for supercapacitors, the speci¯c capacitance of N-PC is as high as 265 F g À1 at a current density of 0.5 A g À1 , and it also exhibits good cyclability (retains about 93% initial capacitance after 5000 cycles).

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“…Örneğin Mahanta et al (2013), ahır gübresinin toplam karbon içeriğinin %29.9, azot içeriğinin %1.2 ve pH değerinin ise 7.76 olduğunu bildirirken, Shirani et al (2002) ise N içeriğini %32.2, toplam karbon içeriğini %43.6 ve pH değerini ise 7.4 olarak belirlemiştir. Çay posasına ait kimyasal özelliklerin araştırıldığı çalışmada bulgularımıza benzer olarak toplam karbon içeriğinin %47.9, azot içeriğinin %2.4 ve kükürt içeriğinin ise %0.3 olduğu belirlenmiştir (Gundogdu et al, 2013).…”

Section: çAy Posası Ve Ahır Gübresine Ait Analizlerunclassified

Çay Posasi Ve Ahir Gübresi̇ İlavesi̇ni̇n Borçka Baraji Rezervuar Sahasinda Bi̇ri̇ken Sedi̇menti̇n Bi̇tki̇sel Üreti̇m Potansi̇yeli̇ne Etki̇si̇ni̇n Beli̇rlenmesi̇

Turgut¹,

Köse²

2015

AÇÜ Orm Fak Derg

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ÖzetErozyon sürecinin bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan sedimentler bozulmuş topraklara gösterilebilecek en güzel örneklerden biridir. Bozulmuş toprakların restorasyonu ve üretim potansiyellerinin yeniden yükseltilmesi amacıyla organik materyal uygulaması son zamanlarda sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Sera koşullarında yürütülen bu çalışmada çay posası ve ahır gübresi uygulamasının sedimentlerin bazı kimyasal özellikleri üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla sedimentlere farklı oranlarda (%0, %2.5, %5, %7.5, %10, %12.5 ve %15) çay posası ve ahır gübresi ilave edilerek 18 hafta süreyle inkübasyona bırakılmıştır. İnkübasyon süresi sonunda organik madde, toplam karbon, toplam azot ve toplam kükürt içeriklerinin çay posası uygulanan sedimentlerde önemli seviyede yüksek olduğu bunun yanında söz konusu özelliklerin organik materyalin uygulama oranına bağlı olarak artma eğiliminde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sedimentlerin pH değerlerinin ise çay posası uygulamasında daha düşük olduğu ve uygulama oranlarına bağlı olarak çay posasında düşme ve ahır gübresinde ise yükselme eğiliminde olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.Anahtar kelimeler: Ahır gübresi, çay posası, inkübasyon, organik madde uygulaması, sediment AbstractSediments as a result of the erosion process is one of the best examples that can be shown to degraded soils. In order to increase production potential and restoration of degraded soils, organic matter addition have been used in the recent years. This study was conducted to investigate changes on some chemical properties including organic matter content, total carbon, nitrogen and sulphur contents and pH after the tea waste and farmyard manure addition to the sediments in greenhouse condition. For this purpose, different amounts of tea waste and farmyard manure (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15%) were added to sediment samples and left for incubation of 18 weeks. Statistical analyses showed that the organic matter application caused improvement in the examined properties of the sediments and this improvement tended to increase depending on application rates. The pH of the sediments were lower in tea waste application and it was found to have a tendency to decrease depending on application rates, while it was revealed that pH increased depending on application rate of farmyard manure.

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Physicochemical characteristics of a novel activated carbon produced from tea industry waste

Cited by 156 publications

References 46 publications

Non-Synergistic UV-A Photocatalytic Degradation of Estrogens by Nano-TiO₂Supported on Activated Carbon

Non-Synergistic UV-A Photocatalytic Degradation of Estrogens by Nano-TiO₂Supported on Activated Carbon

Nitrogen-Doped High Surface Area Carbon as Efficient Electrode Material for Supercapacitors

Çay Posasi Ve Ahir Gübresi̇ İlavesi̇ni̇n Borçka Baraji Rezervuar Sahasinda Bi̇ri̇ken Sedi̇menti̇n Bi̇tki̇sel Üreti̇m Potansi̇yeli̇ne Etki̇si̇ni̇n Beli̇rlenmesi̇

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Physicochemical characteristics of a novel activated carbon produced from tea industry waste

Cited by 156 publications

References 46 publications

Non-Synergistic UV-A Photocatalytic Degradation of Estrogens by Nano-TiO2Supported on Activated Carbon

Non-Synergistic UV-A Photocatalytic Degradation of Estrogens by Nano-TiO2Supported on Activated Carbon

Nitrogen-Doped High Surface Area Carbon as Efficient Electrode Material for Supercapacitors

Çay Posasi Ve Ahir Gübresi̇ İlavesi̇ni̇n Borçka Baraji Rezervuar Sahasinda Bi̇ri̇ken Sedi̇menti̇n Bi̇tki̇sel Üreti̇m Potansi̇yeli̇ne Etki̇si̇ni̇n Beli̇rlenmesi̇

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Non-Synergistic UV-A Photocatalytic Degradation of Estrogens by Nano-TiO₂Supported on Activated Carbon

Non-Synergistic UV-A Photocatalytic Degradation of Estrogens by Nano-TiO₂Supported on Activated Carbon