Physicochemical characteristics of 1-ethyl- and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloroaluminate ionic liquids

Elterman, V.A.; Shevelin, P. Yu.; Yolshina, L.A.; Borozdin, A.V.

doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120061

Cited by 8 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The difference in E a values suggests that we may be probing different phenomena (on different timescales) between the two conductivity measurements. Nonetheless, these activation energies are consistent with previous reports for similar ILAs demonstrating Arrhenius behavior. ,,,,,, Overall, we have demonstrated that the voltammetric-based conductivity measurement can be performed across a range of different measurement parameters.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Nonetheless, these activation energies are consistent with previous reports for similar ILAs demonstrating Arrhenius behavior. 17,29,35,42,44,63,64 Overall, we have demonstrated that the voltammetric-based conductivity measurement can be performed across a range of different measurement parameters. Effect of the Lewis Acid:Base Ratio.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Previous literature suggests that Lewis acidic formulations (>1:1) are needed in order for Al deposition to proceed, ,,,− where there is a mixture of both anionic (e.g., AlCl 4 – and Al 2 Cl 7 – ) and cationic (e.g., [AlCl 2 (LB) n ] + ) species present. For example, EMIM-Cl based liquids can be formed within a mole ratio ranging from 0.8:1 to 2:1 (LA:LB) . Zhu et al reported conductivities increasing from 15 to 17.5 mS cm –1 for AlCl 3 :EMIM-Cl liquid for mole ratios between 1.4:1 and 1.7:1 (LA:LB) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eur., BP, viscous liquid, Sigma-Aldrich) was used as received. Conductivity standards (certified traceable to NIST, VWR) of 44,479,11,419,8863,1249,885,442, and 74 μS cm −1 (at 19 °C) were used as received.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring and Enhancing the Ionic Conductivity of Chloroaluminate Electrolytes for Al-Ion Batteries

et al. 2023

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At the core of the aluminum (Al) ion battery is the liquid electrolyte, which governs the underlying chemistry. Optimizing the rheological properties of the electrolyte is critical to advance the state of the art. In the present work, the chloroaluminate electrolyte is made by reacting AlCl3 with a recently reported acetamidinium chloride (Acet-Cl) salt in an effort to make a more performant liquid electrolyte. Using AlCl3:Acet-Cl as a model electrolyte, we build on our previous work, which established a new method for extracting the ionic conductivity from fitting voltammetric data, and in this contribution, we validate the method across a range of measurement parameters in addition to highlighting the model electrolytes’ conductivity relative to current chloroaluminate liquids. Specifically, our method allows the extraction of both the ionic conductivity and voltammetric data from a single, simple, and routine measurement. To bring these results in the context of current methods, we compare our results to two independent standard conductivity measurement techniques. Several different measurement parameters (potential scan rate, potential excursion, temperature, and composition) are examined. We find that our novel method can resolve similar trends in conductivity to conventional methods, but typically, the values are a factor of two higher. The values from our method, on the other hand, agree closely with literature values reported elsewhere. Importantly, having now established the approach for our new method, we discuss the conductivity of AlCl3:Acet-Cl-based formulations. These electrolytes provide a significant improvement (5–10× higher) over electrolytes made from similar Lewis base salts (e.g., urea or acetamide). The Lewis base salt precursors have a low economic cost compared to state-of-the-art imidazolium-based salts and are non-toxic, which is advantageous for scale-up. Overall, this is a noteworthy step at designing cost-effective and performant liquid electrolytes for Al-ion battery applications.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring and Enhancing the Ionic Conductivity of Chloroaluminate Electrolytes for Al-Ion Batteries

et al. 2023

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“…The electrical conductivity of various ILs has been reported over the last few decades along with other physiochemical properties. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Among all of the ILs, imidazolium cation-based ILs have received a lot of research attention because of improved fluidity and conductivity. 27 Fannin et al 31 first systematically studied the density, viscosity, and electrical conductivity of various 1,3-dialkylimidazolium chlorides and their binary mixture with AlCl 3 using a conductivity bridge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical conductivity and species distribution of aluminum chloride and 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid electrolytes

Nahian

Reddy

2023

J of Physical Organic Chem

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Electrical conductivity (σ) of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) and 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (BMIC) ionic liquid (IL) was investigated as a function of temperature and AlCl3 mole fraction (). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to measure the electrical conductivity. Composition of AlCl3:BMIC ionic liquid was varied by changing the from 0 to 0.67. The temperature was changed from 70°C to 110°C at 10°C intervals. It was found that the electrical conductivity increases with an increase in temperature. Electrical conductivity increases with from 0 to 0.5 and then starts to decrease after = 0.5. A species concentration profile was developed based on thermodynamic model at room temperature for the IL containing , , , , , , and at different . The only anion species presents between 0 and 0.5 are and . Anions like , , , and are found at higher . A good agreement between the model and the experimental data was obtained. The variations in anion concentration, molecular structure, and cation–anion interactions are to be the causes of the changes in electrical conductivity of AlCl3:BMIC system.

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Electrochemical behavior of aluminum in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloroaluminate ionic liquids

Borozdin,

Elterman,

Shevelin

et al. 2024

Electrochimica Acta

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Physicochemical characteristics of 1-ethyl- and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloroaluminate ionic liquids

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Measuring and Enhancing the Ionic Conductivity of Chloroaluminate Electrolytes for Al-Ion Batteries

Measuring and Enhancing the Ionic Conductivity of Chloroaluminate Electrolytes for Al-Ion Batteries

Electrical conductivity and species distribution of aluminum chloride and 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid electrolytes

Electrochemical behavior of aluminum in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloroaluminate ionic liquids

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