Physicochemical and bacteriological evaluation of underground water in Enugu metropolis, south east Nigeria

Obiekezie, SO; Abara, PN; Okereke, JN; Ifeanyi, VI

doi:10.4314/ijonas.v2i3.36097

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…According to the report of Lewis, [6], biofilms promote genetic exchange in the form of plasmids among bacterial cells through horizontal gene transfer, allowing the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes between different species or strains of bacteria. This genetic exchange can further enhance antibiotic resistance within the biofilm and potentially spread it to other bacteria in the surrounding environment [15] The high percentage susceptibility of the test isolates to Ofloxacin is in agreement with reports on multiple-drug resistance bacteria by [15] not only that but also the main drivers of antimicrobial resistance including the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials, lack of access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene for both humans and animals; poor infection and disease prevention and control in health-care facilities and farms; poor access to quality, affordable medicine [16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Biofilm-producing Escherichia coli Strains from Water Sources Around Major Slum in Port Harcourt City, Nigeria

Kpormon L. B.,

Ogbonna, D. N.,

Wemedo, S. A.

et al. 2023

IJPR

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Slum is characterized by uncontrollable development around urban areas, with huge settlements from migrants from the rural areas for greener pastures. This situation is associated with increasing environmental problems predisposing the inhabitants to public health problems. This study was therefore aimed to assess the prevalence and resistance patterns of biofilm-producing E. coli strains in water sources around major slums in Port Harcourt city. A total of three hundred and sixty water samples including surface water (120), Borehole water (120) and well water (120) samples were collected from five different slums namely: Bundu, Egede, Enugu, Ibadan and Etche watersides over a period of twelve months. The water samples were processed and screened for the presence of E. coli using standard microbiological techniques. The isolates were subjected to biofilm production assays and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Results revealed that out of the 360 water samples, 291 (80.8%) were positive for Escherichia coli across the three water sources; 120 (100%) for surface water, 98(81%) for well water and 73(60%) for borehole water. Further analysis revealed that out of the 291 Escherichia coli isolates from the three water sources, 180(62%) were positive for biofilm production, 90(31%) showed moderate biofilm production while 21(7%) were non- biofilm producing strains. The antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that the biofilm-producing E. coli exhibited high levels of resistance to commonly used antibiotics, including Augmentine, Ceftazidime, Cefuroxime, and Cloxacillin. The percentage resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from water sources in Bundu, Egede, Enugu, Etche and Ibadan watersides, were 100% resistant to Ceftazidime (CAZ) and Cefuroxime (CRX) respectively. For Cloxacillin (CXM), Escherichia coli showed resistance for Enugu and Ibadan (82.5%), Etche and Egede (79.2%) and Bundu (66%). Whereas Escherichia coli isolated from Bundu, Enugu, and Ibadan watersides were 100% while those isolated from Egede, and Etche were 75% resistant to Augmentin. On the other hand, Escherichia coli from Etche and Egede watersides were both 8.3 and 15% resistant to Gentamycin. However, Escherichia coli was 100% susceptible to Nitrofurantoin, Ofloxacin and Ceftriaxone across the five slums. E. coli strains are usually described as indicator organisms which indicate faecal pollution. The high prevalence of biofilm-producing E. coli and their resistance to multiple antibiotics suggest that the inhabitants are highly predisposed to the risk of water related and water-borne diseases and therefore need urgent intervention strategies to prevent the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in these areas.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Biofilm-producing Escherichia coli Strains from Water Sources Around Major Slum in Port Harcourt City, Nigeria

Kpormon L. B.,

Ogbonna, D. N.,

Wemedo, S. A.

et al. 2023

IJPR

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“…Enterobacter aerogenes is an example of non-fecal coliforms and can be found in vegetation and soil which serves as sources by which pathogens enter the water (Shittu et al 2008). Obiekezie (2006), Obiekezie and Onunkwo (2006), also observed similar findings. The heavy presence of fecal and non-fecal coliforms and pathogens in the water samples generally suggests that a certain section of water may have been contaminated or polluted with feces either of human or animal origin and hence reflect the risk of pathogens present in the water.…”

Section: Ike Et Al (2021)mentioning

confidence: 61%

Bacteriological examination of Obibia stream during wet and dry seasons in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

Ike

Odibo

Okeke

2021

Multi

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Diseases caused by contaminated water consumption are among the leading causes of death in children, the elderly, and people who are immunocompromised. Hence there is an important need to ensure that drinking water sources are free from pathogens that can endanger the health of consumers. This study was undertaken to investigate the influence of seasonal changes on the bacteriological distribution of the Obibia stream. A total of 30 water samples (500 ml each) were collected for the study at rainy and dry seasons for a period of May to July 2015 and December 2015 to Feb 2016, respectively. Bacteria present in the water samples were isolated and characterized using 16s rDNA sequencing. Total heterotrophic aerobic bacterial counts were determined using standard microbiological biochemical procedures. Their frequencies of occurrence were also determined. Total heterotrophic aerobic bacterial counts (THABC) were significantly higher (P=0.039) > total coliform count > fecal coliform counts > Salmonella -Shigella counts > Vibrio counts throughout the periods of sampling in the wet season, with the highest counts obtained in July. THABC was also significantly higher (P = 0.018) than other examined bacterial groups and had its peak in January. Bacterial genera present in the examined samples were identified as Shigella, Salmonella,

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“…E. coli menghasilkan enterotoksin yang menyebabkan kasus diare (Fatiqin et al, 2019). E. coli digunakan sebagai indikator adanya kontaminasi feses atau adanya pencemaran tinja manusia serta indikator adanya mikroorganisme enterik patogen lainnya yang bisa menjadi agen penularan penyakit (Okereke et al, 2014). Berdasarkan penelitian Pravitaningsih (2019), E. coli telah bersifat resistan terhadap seluruh antibiotik yang digunakan dengan persentase berbeda pada ayam broiler di Kabupaten Cianjur dengan tingkat resistansi E. coli paling tinggi terjadi pada asam nalidiksat (56%), kloramfenikol (39%), gentamisin 33% dan ampisilin (28%).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Resistansi Penisilin terhadap Escherichia coli pada Susu Segar yang berasal dari Koperasi Ternak Sapi Cianjur Utara (KPSCU), Jawa Barat

Suherman,

Sudarnika,

Purnawarman

2023

Jurnal Sain Veteriner

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Resistansi antibiotik atau sering disebut sebagai pandemi senyap, merupakan satu diantara penyebab masalah kesehatan global yang harus diwaspadai. Susu segar merupakan media pembawa yang mudah terkontaminasi bakteri, salah satunya ialah bakteri E. coli. Antibiotik yang sering dipakai dalam pengobatan terhadap sapi adalah penisilin yaitu antibiotik golongan betalatam yang memiliki kemampuan membunuh bakteri dengan mencegah pembentukan protein dinding sel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi keberadaan dan prevalensi E. coli pada susu segar, serta menguji resistansinya terhadap antibiotik penisilin. Sebanyak 75 sampel susu kandang dipilih secara acak, berasal dari 6 kelompok ternak sapi perah dan dikumpulkan oleh masing-masing petugas lapang. Uji identifikasi keberadaan E. coli mengacu kepada Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) nomor 01-2897-2008 tentang metode pengujian cemaran mikroba pada susu, daging dan telur. Isolat bakteri yang teridentfikasi E. coli dilaukan pengujian resistansi terhadap antibiotik penisilin menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion dengan penentuan standar berdasarkan Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Wawancara terstruktur dilakukan kepada 75 peternak yang diambil sampel susu kandang. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa bakteri E. coli yang terdeteksi pada sampel susu kandang sebanyak 24/75 isolat (32%). Hasil uji resistansi menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 23/24 isolat E. coli (96%) resistan terhadap antibiotik penisilin. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini E. coli yang berhasil diisolasi dari susu kandang di wilayah KPSCU telah resistan terhadap antibiotik penisilin, sehingga dibutuhkan penerapan praktik higiene sanitasi, pengawasan penggunaan antibiotik, peningkatan pengetahuan peternak dan petugas kesehatan hewan terkait penggunaan antibiotik di lapangan.

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Physicochemical and bacteriological evaluation of underground water in Enugu metropolis, south east Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Biofilm-producing Escherichia coli Strains from Water Sources Around Major Slum in Port Harcourt City, Nigeria

Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Biofilm-producing Escherichia coli Strains from Water Sources Around Major Slum in Port Harcourt City, Nigeria

Bacteriological examination of Obibia stream during wet and dry seasons in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

Resistansi Penisilin terhadap Escherichia coli pada Susu Segar yang berasal dari Koperasi Ternak Sapi Cianjur Utara (KPSCU), Jawa Barat

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