Physico-mechanical performances of flax fiber biobased composites: Retting and process effects

Lecoublet, Morgan; Khennache, Mehdi; Leblanc, Nathalie; Ragoubi, Mohamed; Poilâne, Christophe

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.114110

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…These observations are in agreement with those of other studies [ 36 , 37 ]. The variations in chemical composition were also confirmed by spectrophotometric monitoring of the color transition (saturation and brightness) of the technical flax fibers [ 38 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

How Retting Could Affect the Mechanical Behavior of Flax/Epoxy Biocomposite Materials?

et al. 2023

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This study focuses on the retting effect on the mechanical properties of flax biobased materials. For the technical fiber, a direct link was established between the biochemical alteration of technical flax and their mechanical properties. In function of the retting level, technical fibers appeared smoother and more individualized; nevertheless, a decrease in the ultimate modulus and maximum stress was recorded. A biochemical alteration was observed as the retting increased (a decrease in the soluble fraction from 10.4 ± 0.2 to 4.5 ± 1.2% and an increase in the holocellulose fractions). Regarding the mechanical behavior of biocomposites manufactured by thermocompression, a non-elastic behavior was observed for the tested samples. Young moduli (E1 and E2) gradually increased with retting. The retting effect was more pronounced when a normalization was performed (according to the fiber volume and porosity). A 40% increase in elastic modulus could be observed between under-retting (−) and over-retting (+). Moreover, the porosity content (Vp) increased overall with fiber content. Setup 3, with optimized processing parameters, was the most desirable processing protocol because it allowed the highest fiber fraction (Vf) for the lowest Vp.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

How Retting Could Affect the Mechanical Behavior of Flax/Epoxy Biocomposite Materials?

et al. 2023

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“…content than for the samples manufactured from non-hackled CL fibers bundle be attributed to the alignment of the fibers that allows a better impregnati range of fibers volume fraction, Lecoublet et al [52] showed the influence of r on fiber surfaces of flax fibers and consequently on the porosities content.…”

Section: Properties Of the Ifbt Samplesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Characterization of Tensile Properties of Cola lepidota Fibers

Ndoumou

Soulat

Labanieh

et al. 2022

Fibers

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Plant fibers are being increasingly explored for their use in engineering polymers and composites, and many works have described their properties, especially for flax and hemp fibers. Nevertheless, the availability of plant fibers varies according to the geographical location on the planet. This study presents the first work on the mechanical properties of a tropical fiber extracted from the bast of Cola lepidota (CL) plant. After a debarking step, CL fibers were extracted manually by wet-retting. The tensile properties are first identified experimentally at the fibers scale, and the analysis of the results shows the great influence of the cross-section parameters (diameter, intrinsic porosities) on these properties. Tensile properties of CL fibers are also predicted by the impregnated fiber bundle test (IFBT). At this scale of bundles, a hackling step, which reduces shives and contributes to the parallelization of the fibers within bundles, improves tensile properties predicted by IFBT. The comparison with the properties of plant fibers given in the literature shows that CL fibers have tensile properties in the same range as kenaf, flax or hemp fibers.

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“…Microfibrils of crystalline cellulose are responsible for the mechanical properties of the fiber [11,12]. The analysis of different articles shows great variations in the biochemical composition [6,7,13,14]. The cellulose content is between 49 and 85%, hemicellulose from 9 to 29%, lignin from 2 to 18%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For flax and hemp fibers, the traditional retting processes are water retting and dew retting; both are based on degradation by micro-organisms. A recent research paper [13] demonstrated that, in the L × a × b × spectrocolorimetric coordinates, the retting affects the color of the fiber, gradually making the fiber darker. A significant impact on the mechanical properties has been reported elsewhere [8,12,13,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent research paper [13] demonstrated that, in the L × a × b × spectrocolorimetric coordinates, the retting affects the color of the fiber, gradually making the fiber darker. A significant impact on the mechanical properties has been reported elsewhere [8,12,13,15]. However, other methods are being studied to better master the retting control, such as microwave assisted retting and enzymatic assisted retting [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi Scale Analysis of the Retting and Process Effect on the Properties of Flax Bio-Based Composites

et al. 2023

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This research aimed to evaluate, at different scales (technical flax fiber, fiber band and flax composites, bio-based composites), the effect of retting and processing parameters on the biochemical, microstructural, and mechanical properties of flax-epoxy bio-based materials. On the technical flax fiber scale, a biochemical alteration of the fiber was observed as the retting increased (a decrease of the soluble fraction from 10.4 ± 0.2 to 4.5 ± 1.2% and an increase of the holocellulose fractions). This finding was associated with the degradation of the middle lamella, favoring the individualization of the flax fibers observed at retting (+). A direct link was established between the biochemical alteration of technical flax fibers and their associated mechanical properties (decrease of the ultimate modulus 69.9 to 43.6 GPa and maximum stress from 702 to 328 MPa). On the flax band scale, the mechanical properties are driven by the interface quality between the technical fibers. The highest maximum stresses were reached at level retting (0) with 26.68 MPa, which is lower compared to technical fiber. On the bio-based composites scale, setup 3 (T = 160 ∘C) and the high retting level (+) are the most relevant for a better mechanical response of flax bio-based materials.

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Physico-mechanical performances of flax fiber biobased composites: Retting and process effects

Cited by 7 publications

References 65 publications

How Retting Could Affect the Mechanical Behavior of Flax/Epoxy Biocomposite Materials?

How Retting Could Affect the Mechanical Behavior of Flax/Epoxy Biocomposite Materials?

Characterization of Tensile Properties of Cola lepidota Fibers

Multi Scale Analysis of the Retting and Process Effect on the Properties of Flax Bio-Based Composites

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